Burns and Scalds - First Aid Training

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22 Jun 202103:48
EducationalLearning
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TLDRThe video script provides essential first aid guidance for treating different degrees of burns. It outlines the characteristics of superficial, partial thickness, and full thickness burns, emphasizing the importance of cooling the burn with water for at least 10 minutes for all types. For more severe burns, especially if they cover a significant body area or show signs of infection, it advises seeking immediate medical attention. The script also details the use of non-adhesive dressings for partial thickness burns and the need for life support measures in the case of full thickness burns, highlighting the critical steps to take in emergency burn care.

Takeaways
  • 🌡️ For a superficial burn, symptoms include redness and pain in the top layer of the skin.
  • 💧 Apply cool running water for at least 10 minutes to treat a superficial burn.
  • 🏥 If a superficial burn is caused by chemicals or covers more than 5% of the body, seek hospital treatment.
  • 📏 Use the palm of the hand as a guide to estimate 1% of body surface area for burn assessment.
  • 🌡️ Partial thickness burns may exhibit blistering and skin breakage.
  • 💧 Similarly, run partial thickness burns under cool water for a minimum of 10 minutes.
  • 🩹 Apply non-adhesive dressings like clean film to partial thickness burns after cooling.
  • 🏥 If a partial thickness burn covers more than 1% of the body or if infection is a concern, go to the hospital.
  • 🌡️ Full thickness burns appear charcoaled, may have waxy deposits, and could be painless due to nerve damage.
  • 💧 Cool full thickness burns for 10 minutes and apply a sterile dressing, but avoid wrapping it too tight.
  • 🚑 In the case of full thickness burns, be prepared to treat for shock and perform CPR if necessary, then call an ambulance.
Q & A

  • What are the three types of burns discussed in the script?

    -The three types of burns discussed are superficial burns, partial thickness burns, and full thickness burns.

  • What is the recommended immediate action for a superficial burn?

    -For a superficial burn, the recommended immediate action is to run it under cool water for a minimum of 10 minutes.

  • Under what conditions should a person with a superficial burn be sent to the hospital?

    -A person with a superficial burn should be sent to the hospital if it is due to a chemical burn or if it covers more than five percent of their body, which is equivalent to more than five palms of their hand.

  • What are the visible symptoms of a partial thickness burn?

    -In a partial thickness burn, you might see some blistering and some breaking of the skin.

  • How should you treat a partial thickness burn after cooling it with water?

    -After cooling a partial thickness burn with water for a minimum of 10 minutes, you should consider applying non-adhesive dressings, such as a sterile clean film, tearing off the first couple of sheets and loosely applying it over the wound without wrapping it around.

  • What is the appearance of a full thickness burn?

    -A full thickness burn might look quite charcoaled with possible waxy deposits and may have severed nerves, leading to a lack of pain sensation.

  • What are the necessary actions for treating a full thickness burn?

    -For a full thickness burn, you should run it under cool water for a minimum of 10 minutes, apply a sterile dressing if available, and call for an ambulance as quickly as possible. You may also need to treat for shock and carry out basic life support like CPR if necessary.

  • How can you estimate if a burn covers more than five percent of a person's body?

    -One can estimate if a burn covers more than five percent of a person's body by comparing it to the size of the casualty's palm. If the burn area is larger than five palms, it is more than five percent.

  • Why is it important to ensure the water used for cooling a burn is not too cold?

    -It is important to ensure the water is not too cold to avoid causing hypothermia to the injured person.

  • What should you do if you are unsure or worried about infection in a burn?

    -If you are unsure or worried about infection, it is best to get the person to a hospital to have the burn checked out and treated by medical professionals.

  • How can you tell if a burn is just a little superficial and not in need of hospital treatment?

    -If the burn is just a little superficial, it will not exhibit blistering or severe breaking of the skin, and it should be treatable with proper cooling and care without the need for hospital treatment.

Outlines
00:00
🚨 First Aid for Different Burn Types 🚨

This paragraph introduces the topic of first aid for three distinct types of burns: superficial, partial thickness, and full thickness. It emphasizes the importance of recognizing each type and outlines the initial steps for treatment, such as cooling the burn under running water for at least 10 minutes. The paragraph also discusses when to seek medical help, like in cases of chemical burns or if the burn covers more than 5% of the body, which is equivalent to the size of the patient's palm. The guidance provided is crucial for managing burn emergencies effectively and ensuring the best possible care for the affected individual.

Mindmap
Keywords
💡Superficial Burn
A superficial burn is the mildest form of skin injury, affecting only the outermost layer of the skin, known as the epidermis. It is characterized by redness, pain, and tenderness to touch. In the context of the video, it is mentioned that such burns should be treated by running cool water over the affected area for a minimum of 10 minutes, and hospitalization may be required if the burn is due to a chemical cause or covers more than 5% of the body, which is equivalent to the size of the individual's palm.
💡Partial Thickness Burn
A partial thickness burn is more severe than a superficial burn as it affects both the epidermis and the underlying layer of skin, known as the dermis. This type of burn may result in blistering and some breaking of the skin. The video emphasizes the importance of cooling the burn with water for a minimum of 10 minutes and considering the application of non-adhesive dressings, such as sterile clean film, if the burn covers more than 1% of the body's surface area, which is equivalent to the size of the individual's palm.
💡Full Thickness Burn
A full thickness burn is the most severe type of burn, affecting all layers of the skin and potentially causing damage to underlying tissues. These burns may appear charred or have waxy deposits and can result in nerve damage, leading to a lack of pain sensation. The video script outlines that in such cases, immediate treatment involves cooling the burn with water for at least 10 minutes, applying a dressing if necessary, and calling for emergency medical assistance without delay. Full thickness burns are life-threatening and require immediate medical attention.
💡Cool Water
In the context of the video, cool water is essential for the initial treatment of burns. It is used to run over the affected area to cool the burn, reduce pain, and limit the extent of tissue damage. The video specifies a minimum of 10 minutes of cool water application for all types of burns discussed. It is important to ensure the water is cool but not too cold to avoid causing hypothermia.
💡Non-Adhesive Dressings
Non-adhesive dressings are used to cover and protect burn wounds without adhering to the skin, which can cause additional pain and damage when removed. The video suggests using sterile, non-adhesive dressings, such as clean film, for partial thickness burns after cooling the burn. These dressings are applied loosely to avoid tight wrapping and to allow for continued observation of the wound.
💡Chemical Burn
A chemical burn is caused by exposure of the skin to a harmful chemical substance, leading to tissue damage and burns. The video script highlights that if a burn is due to a chemical, the individual should be taken to the hospital for specialized treatment, as these burns can have unique complications and require specific interventions.
💡Hospitalization
Hospitalization is the process of admitting a patient to a hospital for medical care. In the context of the video, it is emphasized that hospitalization may be necessary for certain types of burns, particularly if they are due to chemicals, cover a significant percentage of the body, or if there are concerns about infection or other complications.
💡Infection
Infection refers to the invasion and multiplication of microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, or fungi, in the body. In the context of the video, it is important to monitor the burn for signs of infection, such as increased redness, swelling, or pus. If an infection is suspected, the individual should seek medical attention promptly.
💡Basic Life Support (BLS)
Basic Life Support (BLS) refers to a set of emergency medical procedures that are performed to assist individuals who are experiencing life-threatening conditions, such as cardiac arrest or respiratory failure. The video mentions that for full thickness burns, which can be life-threatening, it may be necessary to provide BLS, including CPR, to prevent the individual from going into shock or stopping to breathe.
💡Ambulance
An ambulance is a vehicle equipped for providing emergency medical care and transportation to a medical facility. In the video, it is stressed that for severe burns, especially full thickness burns, one should call for an ambulance immediately to ensure the individual receives prompt and appropriate medical care.
💡Shock
Shock is a serious medical condition in which the body's vital functions are compromised due to inadequate blood flow, leading to a drop in blood pressure and inadequate oxygen delivery to organs and tissues. The video script indicates that in the case of full thickness burns, the individual may require treatment for shock, which could involve basic life support measures such as CPR.
Highlights

Introduction to three different types of burns: superficial, partial thickness, and full thickness.

Superficial burns are characterized by redness and affect only the top layer of the skin, causing pain and soreness.

For superficial burns, the recommended first aid is to run the affected area under cool water for a minimum of 10 minutes.

Patients with chemical burns or burns covering more than 5% of the body should be sent to the hospital.

5% of the body can be estimated by the size of the patient's palm.

Partial thickness burns may present with blistering and skin breakage.

Cool water treatment is also advised for partial thickness burns, followed by the application of non-adhesive dressings.

Sterile clean film can be used as a dressing for partial thickness burns, applied loosely without wrapping around the wound.

Hospital referral is necessary for partial thickness burns covering more than 1% of the body or if there are infection concerns.

Full thickness burns are very serious, potentially appearing charred or with waxy deposits, and might have severed nerves.

In the case of full thickness burns, treatment for shock and basic life support like CPR may be required.

Full thickness burns should also be run under cool water for a minimum of 10 minutes and dressed before calling for an ambulance.

An example of a superficial burn is described, with redness and pain upon touch.

Cool running water, not too cold, should be used to avoid hypothermia when treating burns.

After 10 minutes of water treatment, the wound should be assessed for any changes like blistering that might require hospital attention.

Sterile dressings like clean film can be applied to the wound if there are any signs of infection.

Even superficial burns may not require hospital treatment, but any infection concerns should prompt a visit.

Transcripts

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FirstAidBurnTreatmentEmergencyCareHealthSafetyMedicalResponseLifeSupportInjuryManagementHealthEducationPreventiveMeasuresCPR