Bullets HITTING Bullets in Slow Motion - THE IMPOSSIBLE SHOT - Smarter Every Day 287

SmarterEveryDay
10 Jun 202335:28
EducationalLearning
32 Likes 10 Comments

TLDRIn this episode of Smarter Every Day, Destin attempts to recreate a Civil War-era phenomenon where two bullets collided nose-to-nose. With a team of experts, he designs a safe experiment using .45 long colt cartridges, addressing challenges in timing, velocity, and bullet composition. Despite numerous trials, they couldn't perfectly fuse bullets but discovered fascinating insights into ballistics and momentum transfer, even testing the durability of a Ridge wallet in the process.

Takeaways
  • πŸ”Ž Destin from Smarter Every Day revisits a Civil War artifact at the American Museum of Natural History, sparking an exploration of ballistics and probability.
  • 🎯 He attempts to recreate the phenomenon of two bullets meeting nose-to-nose, a rare event witnessed in a museum exhibit.
  • πŸ”¨ The experiment involves meticulous engineering and safety protocols, emphasizing the importance of intellectual humility and expert collaboration.
  • πŸ”« Destin and his team design custom guns to control variables like lock time and bullet velocity, highlighting the complexity of recreating the bullet collision.
  • πŸ‘₯ The team consists of experts in electronics, mechanical design, and safety, showcasing the multidisciplinary nature of the project.
  • 🚫 Safety is a paramount concern, with strict procedures and checklists in place to prevent accidents during the experiment.
  • 🎞️ High-speed cameras are used to capture the bullet collisions, providing a detailed analysis of the impact and fragmentation.
  • πŸš€ The experiment reveals the challenges of achieving a perfect bullet-to-bullet collision, with variables like bullet speed and metal composition affecting the outcome.
  • πŸ›οΈ The video includes a sponsored segment for Ridge Wallets, demonstrating Destin's personal experience and endorsement of the product.
  • πŸŽ‰ Despite not achieving a bullet fusion, the team experiences thrilling moments of near-success and gains valuable insights for future experiments.
  • πŸ’» The script concludes with a call to support the channel on Patreon, emphasizing community involvement and the collaborative spirit of the project.
Q & A
  • What is the main subject of the video script?

    -The main subject of the video script is an experiment to replicate the phenomenon of two Civil War bullets meeting nose to nose in mid-air, as seen in the American Museum of Natural History.

  • Why did Destin want to reproduce the bullet collision?

    -Destin wanted to reproduce the bullet collision because he saw it ten years ago and it changed his perspective on bullets, ballistics, and probability.

  • What safety measures did Destin emphasize before conducting the experiment?

    -Destin emphasized the importance of intellectual humility, working with experienced mentors, and following a detailed checklist to ensure safety during the experiment.

  • What is the term 'Lock Time' as mentioned in the script?

    -'Lock Time' refers to the duration it takes for the mechanical hammer to fall and strike the firing pin, which then engages the percussion primer on the back of a bullet in a mechanical firearm.

  • Why did the team choose the 45 long colt cartridge for the experiment?

    -The team chose the 45 long colt cartridge because it is a straight wall cartridge, easy to design around, and has an old appearance similar to a Civil War bullet.

  • What was the purpose of creating a 'fiducial' for the high-speed camera footage?

    -The 'fiducial' was created to serve as a measuring stick and a physical watermark to deter theft of the slow-motion footage and to measure the velocity of the bullet.

  • What was the team's strategy to control the variables in the bullet collision experiment?

    -The team's strategy included using an electrical trigger system to control the lock time, designing a special gun setup to ensure safe loading and firing, and creating a detailed checklist for procedures.

  • What was the significance of the bullet fragments collected after the collision?

    -The bullet fragments were significant as they provided physical evidence of the collision and allowed the team to analyze the results and the phenomenon of the bullets meeting in mid-air.

  • Why did the team decide to test each gun independently before attempting the bullet collision?

    -The team decided to test each gun independently to ensure all hardware worked correctly and to smoothen the execution of their checklist, reducing the risk of errors during the actual experiment.

  • What was the outcome of the experiment after several attempts?

    -After several attempts, the team was able to achieve bullet collisions, but they did not successfully fuse the bullets together as they had initially hoped. They observed different outcomes, including bullets exploding on impact and partial fusion within a wallet.

Outlines
00:00
πŸ”« Civil War Bullets Experiment

Destin from Smarter Every Day revisits an intriguing exhibit at the American Museum of Natural History: two Civil War bullets that collided nose-to-nose. Despite numerous failed attempts to replicate the phenomenon, Destin is determined to try using his engineering background and safety expertise. He emphasizes the importance of intellectual humility and safety in their experimental setup.

05:02
πŸ› οΈ Designing the Bullet Collision Experiment

The team, consisting of Destin, Ernie, Jeremy Fielding, and David, approaches the bullet collision experiment with meticulous planning. They address the complexities of mechanical firearms, such as lock time and bullet dwell time, and opt for an electrical trigger system to control the timing. The guns are simplified to barrels with custom breach loaders designed by Jeremy. A detailed checklist and safety procedures are established, with input from experienced experts to ensure the experiment's integrity and safety.

10:04
πŸŽ₯ Testing the Experimental Setup

The team conducts initial tests to ensure the guns' functionality and the smooth execution of their safety checklist. They use a high-speed camera to capture the bullets' trajectory and experiment with background colors for better visibility. After realizing the bullets' paths are slightly off, they make adjustments using a laser and continue to refine their approach.

15:16
πŸš€ First Attempts and Fragmentation

Destin and David proceed with the experiment, experiencing a mix of excitement and tension. They successfully capture bullet collisions on camera, witnessing fragments from the impact. Despite the bullets exploding rather than fusing as in the Civil War example, the team is encouraged by their progress and continues to make adjustments to understand the phenomenon better.

20:16
πŸ” Analyzing Variables and Adjusting Strategies

Frustrated by inconsistent results, the team scrutinizes every variable, from gunpowder amounts to cartridge lengths. They hypothesize that a gap between the bullet and the riflings, as well as the powder's slump in longer cartridges, may cause inconsistent velocities. After identifying a moving nut on the elevation control as another variable, they make further adjustments and continue their quest for a bullet fusion.

25:19
🎞️ High-Speed Footage and Bullet Dynamics

The team captures stunning high-speed footage of the bullet collisions, revealing the dynamics of fragmentation and the tangent points defining the plane of impact. They experiment with different camera angles and bullet types, including hollow points and full metal jackets, leading to a near-perfect momentum transfer that excites them about the experiment's potential.

30:20
πŸ“Ή Exploring Bullet Fusion and Material Interactions

Despite not achieving a bullet fusion, the team explores the idea of firing slower bullets with less gunpowder to mimic terminal velocity. They also consider the need to change the metal composition for a successful fusion. In a surprising turn, they shoot various wallets made of Damascus steel, titanium, and aluminum, observing the bullets' interactions with these materials and even a partial fusion within an aluminum wallet.

35:20
πŸ‘‹ Conclusion and Future Plans

Destin thanks the viewers and supporters, reflecting on the joy of conducting such experiments even beyond the context of internet video. He hints at ongoing ideas for future projects and encourages support on Patreon for those interested in the continuation of his work. Destin signs off with his signature phrase, 'You're getting Smarter Every Day,' leaving the audience intrigued and educated.

Mindmap
Keywords
πŸ’‘Bullets
Bullets are projectiles that are fired from a gun. In the context of this video, bullets are the central focus as the host, Destin, explores the phenomenon of two bullets meeting nose to nose, as seen in a Civil War exhibit. The script describes an experiment to replicate this rare occurrence, highlighting the complexity and precision required in ballistics.
πŸ’‘Ballistics
Ballistics is the science of the motion of projectiles, especially as they are influenced by gravity, air resistance, and other factors. The video's theme revolves around a specific aspect of external ballistics, where Destin investigates the probability and physics behind two bullets colliding in flight, as observed in a historical artifact.
πŸ’‘Probability
Probability refers to the measure of the likelihood that an event will occur. In the script, Destin mentions how the chance encounter of two Civil War bullets is a probability event that he attempts to replicate, emphasizing the rarity and serendipity of such an occurrence.
πŸ’‘Momentum Transfer
Momentum transfer is a principle in physics where the total momentum of a system is conserved. The script describes a scenario where two bullets hit each other and stop, implying a complete momentum transfer between them, which is a critical concept in understanding the impact of the bullets in the experiment.
πŸ’‘Lock Time
Lock time is the period it takes for the firing mechanism of a gun to move and strike the primer, igniting the propellant. The script discusses controlling lock time to synchronize the firing of two guns, which is essential for the experiment's success in colliding the bullets at a precise point.
πŸ’‘Bullet Dwell Time
Bullet dwell time is the interval between the ignition of the primer and the bullet exiting the gun barrel. The script explains that while dwell time is important, it is the lock time that can be manipulated to achieve the precise timing necessary for the bullet collision experiment.
πŸ’‘Mechanical Inconsistencies
Mechanical inconsistencies refer to the variations in the performance of a mechanical system, which can affect predictability and repeatability. In the context of the video, Destin and his team must account for these inconsistencies when designing their experiment to ensure the bullets meet at the desired point.
πŸ’‘Safety Procedures
Safety procedures are the protocols and steps taken to ensure protection against hazards and accidents. The script emphasizes the importance of safety in the experiment, detailing the creation of checklists and the involvement of experts to critique and improve the safety measures.
πŸ’‘Fiducial
A fiducial is a reference mark or object used in measurements or alignment, often in imaging or precision tasks. In the video, Destin creates a fiducial with the 'Smarter Every Day' logo to act as a watermark and a measuring tool for analyzing bullet velocity in slow-motion footage.
πŸ’‘Misfire
A misfire occurs when a gun does not fire as intended, often due to a problem with the ammunition or the firing mechanism. The script mentions the implementation of misfire procedures during the experiment, showcasing the team's preparedness for handling such events.
πŸ’‘Terminal Velocity
Terminal velocity is the maximum constant speed that a freely falling object eventually reaches when the resistance of the medium through which it is falling prevents further acceleration. The script suggests that the bullets may need to be fired at slower speeds to mimic terminal velocity and achieve the desired fusion effect.
Highlights

Destin from Smarter Every Day attempts to recreate a rare Civil War phenomenon of two bullets meeting nose-to-nose.

The experiment involves high levels of engineering and safety protocols due to the complexity and risks involved.

Destin emphasizes the importance of safety and intellectual humility when conducting high-risk experiments.

The team uses .45 Long Colt cartridges for the experiment due to their simplicity and resemblance to Civil War bullets.

Custom designed guns are created to eliminate human error in aiming and timing for the bullet collision.

The use of an electrical trigger system is implemented to control the 'lock time' and increase the chances of a successful bullet collision.

A special bullet loading mechanism is designed to safely load bullets without being in the line of fire.

The team develops a comprehensive safety checklist to ensure all procedures are followed correctly during the experiment.

Slow motion footage and high-speed cameras are utilized to analyze the bullet collisions in detail.

The experiment reveals that bullets can explode on impact, which was not the desired outcome of fusing them together.

The team discovers that the angle of bullet collision defines the plane of fragmentation, adding a layer of complexity to the experiment.

Inconsistencies in bullet velocity are attributed to the gap between the bullet and the riflings in the barrel.

Destin and his team experience a successful bullet collision that nearly fuses the bullets together, closely mimicking the Civil War phenomenon.

The use of different bullet types, such as hollow point and Full Metal Jacket, provides varying results in the collision experiments.

The team considers modifying bullet speed and metal composition to better replicate the historical bullet fusion.

An unexpected fusion occurs when firing through an aluminum wallet, suggesting that the wallet's material may have influenced the bullet collision.

The experiment concludes with a successful partial bullet fusion inside the wallet, marking a significant milestone in the project.

Transcripts
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