Resonance with NEGATIVE (-) Charges Made Easy! - Organic Chemistry

Frank Wong
25 Sept 201709:46
EducationalLearning
32 Likes 10 Comments

TLDRIn this educational chemistry video, Frank London introduces the concept of resonance structures, focusing on the movement of negative charges, likened to water overflowing from a dam. He guides viewers through the process of identifying and drawing multiple resonance structures for a given molecule, using an analogy to simplify understanding. The video promises a follow-up on positive charges, encouraging viewers to subscribe for more.

Takeaways
  • ๐Ÿ˜€ Frank London is the presenter of the video, discussing molecular resonance structures with both positive and negative charges.
  • ๐ŸŽ He mentions a bonus video for making the audience wait two years for this content and plans to cover positive charges in a subsequent video.
  • ๐Ÿ“š The video starts with a challenge for viewers to find resonance structures before the explanation begins.
  • ๐Ÿ” Frank provides an analogy to understand positive and negative charges: positive charges are like holes or valleys without electrons, while negative charges are like an excess of water that floods out when released.
  • ๐Ÿ’ง He explains that a negative charge can move in various directions to form double bonds, using the concept of 'excess water' to illustrate the movement of electrons.
  • ๐Ÿ”— The script details a step-by-step analysis of how a negative charge can move to create different resonance structures within a molecule.
  • ๐Ÿšซ The video emphasizes that certain movements of electrons would only revert to the original structure and are not counted as new resonance forms.
  • ๐Ÿ”„ Frank demonstrates the process of eliminating resonance structures that do not lead to new configurations.
  • ๐Ÿ“ The video concludes with the identification of six distinct resonance structures for the molecule discussed.
  • ๐Ÿ‘ Frank encourages viewers to like, subscribe, and support the channel for more educational content.
  • ๐Ÿ”” He also mentions a Patreon page for those who wish to financially support the creation of such videos.
Q & A

  • Who is the speaker in the video?

    -The speaker in the video is Frank London.

  • What is the main topic of the video?

    -The main topic of the video is about teaching how to draw resonance structures for molecules with negative and positive charges.

  • What is the analogy used by Frank to explain positive charges?

    -Frank uses the analogy of a hole or a valley where there are no electrons to explain positive charges.

  • What is the analogy for negative charges according to the video?

    -Negative charges are compared to an excess of water in a dam that floods out in all directions when the dam breaks.

  • How many resonance structures did the speaker find for the molecule in the video?

    -The speaker found a total of six resonance structures for the molecule.

  • What is the promo code mentioned in the video for a discount?

    -The promo code mentioned in the video is 'orga media' for a 20% discount.

  • What is the purpose of the pause button in the video?

    -The pause button is used to give viewers time to try and find resonance structures themselves before continuing with the explanation.

  • How does the speaker suggest to visualize the movement of negative charges in a molecule?

    -The speaker suggests visualizing the movement of negative charges as water flooding out of a dam in all directions.

  • What is the significance of the 'pi bond' in the context of the video?

    -The 'pi bond' is significant as it can move to allow for the redistribution of electrons, facilitating the formation of new resonance structures.

  • What does the speaker suggest doing when you are unsure whether to assign a negative or positive charge?

    -The speaker suggests using the water and dam analogy to help determine the direction of charge movement and thus assign a negative or positive charge.

  • What is the next part of the video series going to cover?

    -The next part of the video series will cover how to do resonance with positive charges.

  • How can viewers support the creation of these videos?

    -Viewers can support the creation of these videos by donating on the Patreon page, with as little as a dollar or more per month.

  • What is the condition for a carbon atom to be overloaded with bonds in the video?

    -A carbon atom is considered overloaded when it has more than four bonds, which can occur during the formation of new resonance structures.

  • What is the speaker's strategy for finding all possible resonance structures?

    -The speaker's strategy is to start from the original structure and explore all possible movements of electrons or lone pairs to form new double bonds, ensuring not to return to previous structures.

Outlines
00:00
๐ŸŒŸ Introduction to Resonance Structures with Negative Charges

In this introductory segment, Frank London, the presenter, apologizes for a long-awaited video and promises a bonus video as compensation. He introduces the topic of resonance structures, specifically focusing on molecules with negative charges. Frank provides an analogy to help understand the concept, comparing positive charges to holes that electrons fill, and negative charges to an excess of water that floods out when released. He encourages viewers to pause the video and attempt to find resonance structures themselves before continuing with the explanation. The segment also includes a brief mention of a promotional code for a chemistry-related product.

05:04
๐Ÿ” Analyzing Resonance Structures and Electron Movement

This paragraph delves deeper into the analysis of resonance structures, particularly with negative charges. Frank uses the analogy of water to describe how electrons, represented as 'excess water,' can move to form new bonds. He illustrates this with a specific molecule, showing how a negative charge can lead to the formation of double bonds in various directions, as long as it doesn't violate the rules of chemistry, such as over-saturating atoms. The explanation includes the movement of pi bonds and the creation of new negative charges as electrons are redistributed. The segment concludes with the identification of six possible resonance structures for the molecule discussed, emphasizing the importance of not returning to previous structures and moving forward with the analysis.

Mindmap
Keywords
๐Ÿ’กResonance Structures
Resonance structures are different ways of drawing the same molecule, showing the distribution of electrons. In the video, the speaker discusses finding multiple resonance structures for a given molecule, illustrating the concept through practical examples.
๐Ÿ’กNegative Charges
Negative charges refer to regions in a molecule where there is an excess of electrons. The video explains how these negative charges can move through the molecule, forming new bonds and resonance structures. The analogy of water in a dam is used to illustrate the behavior of negative charges.
๐Ÿ’กPositive Charges
Positive charges are areas in a molecule where there is a deficiency of electrons. The speaker compares positive charges to holes or valleys that electrons will fill. This concept is key to understanding how resonance structures can form by moving electrons to these regions.
๐Ÿ’กDouble Bond
A double bond consists of two pairs of electrons shared between two atoms. The video frequently discusses how double bonds can form or break as electrons move around to create different resonance structures.
๐Ÿ’กLone Pair
Lone pairs are pairs of valence electrons that are not shared with another atom. In the video, lone pairs are shown moving to form bonds, influencing the resonance structures of the molecule.
๐Ÿ’กPi Bond
A pi bond is a type of covalent bond that results from the sideways overlap of p orbitals. The video demonstrates how pi bonds can shift, allowing electrons to move and create new resonance structures.
๐Ÿ’กAnalogy
The speaker uses analogies, like comparing positive charges to holes and negative charges to excess water, to make complex concepts more understandable. These analogies help viewers visualize how electrons move within molecules.
๐Ÿ’กClutch Prep
Clutch Prep is a company mentioned in the video that offers study aids and promo codes. The speaker provides a promo code for a discount, linking it to the educational content.
๐Ÿ’กElectrons
Electrons are negatively charged particles that play a crucial role in forming bonds and determining the structure of molecules. The movement of electrons is central to the discussion of resonance structures in the video.
๐Ÿ’กHydrogen Bond
Hydrogen bonds are weak bonds between a hydrogen atom and another electronegative atom. While not the main focus, understanding hydrogen bonds helps in comprehending the broader context of molecular interactions discussed in the video.
Highlights

Introduction to the video by Frank London, discussing the topic of molecular resonance structures with positive and negative charges.

Frank apologizes for the delay in releasing the video and promises a bonus video as compensation.

Explanation of the process to analyze and find resonance structures for a given molecule.

A challenge for viewers to pause the video and try to find resonance structures themselves before continuing.

Promotion of a discount code for Orga Media, a chemistry resource, with instructions on how to use it.

An analogy comparing positive charges to a hole or valley and negative charges to an excess of water behind a dam.

A step-by-step guide on how to move electrons to form double bonds in resonance structures.

Discussion on the limitations of moving electrons, such as the inability to exceed the maximum number of bonds for certain atoms.

A method to keep track of resonance structures by labeling and using arrows to visualize electron movement.

Demonstration of how to avoid creating the same resonance structure repeatedly by analyzing possible electron movements.

Explanation of how to handle pi bonds and their role in resonance structures.

A detailed analysis of a specific molecule to find all possible resonance structures, including the movement of electrons and pi bonds.

Identification of six distinct resonance structures for the molecule discussed in the video.

An invitation to watch the next video in the series, which will cover resonance structures with positive charges.

Encouragement for viewers to like, subscribe, and turn on notifications for new videos.

Information on how to support the channel through Patreon, with details on the minimum donation amount.

A sign-off and a promise to see viewers in the next part of the video series.

Transcripts

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Molecular ResonanceChemistry TutorialPositive ChargeNegative ChargeElectron DynamicsEducational ContentChemistry ConceptsResonance StructuresFrank LondonLearning Video