12 Most Ancient Archaeological Discoveries Scientists Still Can't Explain

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29 Jan 202416:38

EducationalLearning

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TLDRThe transcript discusses numerous fascinating ancient archaeological discoveries from around the world, including a Hindu temple underwater in Indonesia, a nail supposedly from Jesus' crucifixion found in a Czech monastery, an enormous ancient doorway uncovered in a Greek castle, a 5,000 year old massive brewery capable of beer production on an industrial scale in Egypt, a pristine 3,900 year old bone armor suit from Siberia, an early underground Christian church in a Russian fortress, and a Roman-era library found beneath Cologne, Germany. It also mentions Neolithic era discoveries on a Scottish island, mysterious rings built by Neanderthals 176,000 years ago in a French cave, an unidentified 2,600 year old underground pyramid structure in Italy, and a recently uncovered 5,000 year old underground city in Turkey with structures stretching over 3 miles.

Takeaways

😲 A 5,000 year old Hindu temple was discovered underwater off the coast of Bali, Indonesia.
👑 A box claiming to contain a nail from Jesus' crucifixion was found in a secret chamber of a Czech monastery.
😮 A huge, ancient doorway and Ottoman-era bath were discovered inside a 6th century castle on the Greek island of Lesbos.
🍺 The world's oldest large-scale brewery, 5,000 years old, was uncovered in Egypt, likely used to celebrate the new unity of the land under King Narmer.
💀 A suit of armor made entirely of bone that is 3,900 years old was discovered in Siberia.
🌿 Erosion on the Scottish island of Orkney exposed items indicating a second Neolithic settlement may have existed there 5,100 years ago.
🔥 Complex stone rings made 176,000 years ago by Neanderthals were found deep inside a cave in France, suggesting early ritual behavior involving fire.
🕳 Mysterious underground pyramid structures built by the ancient Etruscans were discovered in Italy, but their purpose remains unknown.
🌡 A 6,500 year old heating and hot water system was discovered in Croatia, with traces of mysteriously melted iron next to it.
🏘 An astonishing underground city with 5,000 years of history carved into rock was discovered in Turkey, which may have sheltered early Christians.

Q & A

How old is the underwater Hindu temple found off the coast of Bali?
-The Hindu temple found off the coast of Bali is believed to be up to 5,000 years old. One of the Vishnu sculptures within the temple has been confirmed to be at least 4,500 years old.
What was found inside a secret chamber in a Czech Republic monastery in March 2021?
-A 6-inch long nail fragment was found inside a box covered with a solid gold cross. The box dates back to between the 2nd and 4th centuries and has an inscription that reads 'Jesus is King'.
What two new archaeological discoveries were made at Molene Castle in Greece in March 2021?
-A Byzantine era doorway that is 10 feet tall and 7 feet wide and deep, and an Ottoman era bath were discovered at Molene Castle.
Where is one of the oldest known large-scale beer production facilities located?
-One of the oldest known beer production facilities capable of making beer on an industrial scale is located at the ancient site of Abydos in Egypt. It dates back around 5,000 years.
What material is an unusual 3,900 year old suit of armor found in Siberia made from?
-The suit of armor found in Siberia dates back 3,900 years and is unusually made completely from bone.
Where was an early underground Christian church discovered in February 2021?
-An early Christian church was discovered underground inside the Narnala Fortress in Derbent, Russia, dating back to at least the early 3rd century.
What remnants of an ancient Roman library were discovered under Cologne, Germany in 2019?
-The remains of niches built into walls that would have stored scrolls were found under Cologne. Experts believe around 20,000 scrolls would have been stored there.
What evidence suggests a second Neolithic settlement may have existed on Scotland's Orkney Islands?
-Marked stones, cattle bones, deer antlers and boar teeth found eroding from the coastline of Orkney's Bay of Skaill suggest a second Neolithic village site existed there.
What strange structures did Neanderthals build inside Bruniquel Cave over 176,000 years ago?
-Neanderthals built two large rings, one 12 ft across and the other 20 ft, made from deliberately broken stalagmites inside Bruniquel Cave.
What advanced amenities did a 6,500 year old Neolithic house found in Croatia feature?
-The Neolithic house had an oven, heating system, and hot water system - luxuries for 6,500 years ago.

Outlines

00:00

😲 Ancient Hindu Temple Discovered Underwater

A Hindu temple dated to be around 5,000 years old was discovered underwater off the coast of Bali, Indonesia. The temple, named Dada Vishnu, has a Vishnu statue confirmed to be at least 4,500 years old. In 2005, the local government announced plans to refurbish the temple as a tourist attraction.

05:03

🤔 Is This the Real Crucifixion Nail?

A 6-inch iron nail fragment claimed to be from Jesus' crucifixion was found in a secret chamber of a Czech Republic monastery in 2021. While the wooden box housing the nail dates back to the 2nd-4th century AD, the nail's age could not be verified, leaving its authenticity inconclusive.

10:03

🌄 New Discoveries in an Ancient Castle

Two new discoveries - a 10ft by 7ft Byzantine doorway and an Ottoman-era bath - were made in 2021 within the 6th century Molene Castle on the Greek island of Lesbos. The door likely led to an ancient settlement, but renovations over the centuries make confirmation difficult.

15:04

🍻 World's First Beer Brewery

A 5,000 year old brewery capable of beer production on an industrial scale was uncovered in Egypt, one of the oldest sites of its kind ever found. The beer was likely primitive and sour, but helped Egyptians celebrate their newfound national unity after being united under King Narmer.

💀 A Suit of Bone Armor

A pristine, undamaged 3,900 year old bone armor suit from Siberia was discovered deliberately buried in 2021. It was made by the Samus Seiniskaya culture but found in Kotov territory, suggesting it may have been gifted from one culture to the other.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡ancient

The video discusses mysteries and discoveries from the ancient world, referring to human civilization from thousands of years ago. Many examples are provided, from 5,000 year old Hindu temples to 176,000 year old Neanderthal structures, showing our lack of understanding of ancient peoples and cultures.

💡discovery

The main theme of the video is new archaeological discoveries that reveal previously unknown aspects of ancient civilizations. Both recently uncovered artifacts, like the nail supposedly from Jesus's crucifixion, and entire cities, like the underground caverns in Turkey, are presented as fascinating discoveries.

💡mystery

Despite modern scientific knowledge, much about ancient cultures remains a mystery to us, which is a sub-theme in the video. For example, the purpose and meaning of the ring structures built by Neanderthals 176,000 years ago is unknown, and Attruscan inscriptions found in underground pyramid structures cannot yet be translated.

💡undiscovered

The video emphasizes that there are still ancient sites and artifacts waiting to be discovered, even in well-studied places like ancient cities in Germany. New discoveries can lead to revelations about ancient peoples, as shown by the recent findings of a possible Neolithic village on the Scottish island of Orkney.

💡underwater

Several discoveries covered in the video are found underwater, like the 5,000 year old Hindu temple complex found off the coast of Bali, Indonesia. This shows how sites may persist undiscovered under the oceans.

💡underground

Similarly, discoveries may lie underground, having been forgotten or buried through the millennia. Examples in the video include an early Christian church hidden 40ft below a Russian fortress and a vast underground city carved into rock in Turkey.

💡ruins

Most ancient sites are no longer intact but rather exist in a ruined state, like the remains of a Roman library found beneath Cologne, Germany. Careful archaeological study of ruins can reveal purpose and history.

💡artifacts

Physical objects created by ancient peoples are referred to as artifacts. The video shows that artifacts like a bone armor suit from Siberia or gold reliquary box from the Czech Republic can provide clues to ancient cultures.

💡inscription

Inscriptions in ancient languages on artifacts or sites often hold meaning that modern scholars cannot decipher. This can hamper understanding, as with Attruscan inscriptions found on an underground pyramid structure in Italy.

💡translating

When inscriptions use lost or untranslated languages, like Attruscan writing, historians face great difficulty translating them to reveal their meaning. Advances in translating ancient languages could unlock mysteries that have persisted for millennia.

Highlights

A Hindu temple was found underwater off the coast of Bali, Indonesia, dated to be around 5,000 years old.

In 2021, a box with a 6-inch nail fragment was found in a secret chamber of a Czech monastery, claimed to be from Jesus' crucifixion.

In 2021, a Byzantine doorway over 10 ft tall and an Ottoman-era bath were discovered inside a 6th century castle in Lesbos, Greece.

A 5,000 year old brewery capable of mass-producing beer was discovered in Egypt, one of the oldest ever found.

A pristine, undamaged 3,900 year old bone armor suit was found buried in Siberia, possibly gifted from one culture to another.

A possible early Christian church from the 3rd century AD was discovered underground in Russia, but can't be further examined.

In 2019, the ruins of a Roman library were uncovered beneath Cologne, Germany, estimated to hold 20,000 scrolls.

Erosion revealed possible signs of a Neolithic village site near the known village of Scrabster in Scotland, inhabited c. 5,100 years ago.

176,000 year old ring structures made of stalagmites were found in a French cave, believed to be made by Neanderthals.

An unidentified, precisely carved pyramid structure with inscriptions was discovered underground in Italy, sealed over 2,600 years ago.

In 2021 in Croatia, a 6,500 year old Neolithic underground heating & hot water system was found, with mysterious smelted iron.

In 2014, archaeologists discovered an underground city in Turkey that spans 5,000 years of occupation by multiple civilizations.

Significant discoveries mentioned include an ancient underwater Hindu temple, possible crucifixion nail, 5,000 year old mass beer production facility, underground cities and settlements, and more.

Many discoveries leave mysteries about origins, purposes, and capabilities of ancient peoples still unsolved due to inability to examine sites further or decipher inscriptions.

The transcript covers remarkable ancient discoveries across the world and throughout history, enriching our knowledge about humanity's ancient past.

Transcripts

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