Lecture 39: Zoning Regulation

IIT Roorkee July 2018

13 Sept 202135:43

EducationalLearning

32 Likes 10 Comments

TLDRThe video introduces zoning regulations, an important urban planning tool to allocate land uses, control building heights and density, and regulate population distribution. It covers the purpose and principles of zoning, comparing it to structural regulations. Through a case study of the Bhopal Development Plan, it demonstrates zoning in practice - classifying residential, commercial, industrial and other zones; enabling higher densities near transit; conserving heritage areas; segregating incompatible uses; and preserving parks and water bodies. While reducing exclusionary policies, zoning translates the vision for a city. It manages growth, creates desirable neighborhood character, increases livability and supplies developable land across zones.

Takeaways

😀 Zoning regulates land use based on usage, geology etc to control quality of life, facilitate efficient resource use and guide development direction.
👍🏻 Zoning aims to avoid incompatible land uses, determine building heights/density and give direction to a city's development.
💡 Key aspects of zoning are density zoning, height zoning and use zoning to allocate land for specific purposes.
📝 Zoning regulations differ from structural regulations in focusing on use, character and density rather than materials and workmanship.
🔍 Zoning power is executed through approval of development plans and site supervision for compliance.
🚧 Transit Oriented Development (TOD) zones promote compact development near metro stations through incentives.
🏙 Old City Zones aim to conserve heritage fabric via incentives for preservation tied to a Heritage Conservation Plan.
📈 Commercial Mixed Use zones allow higher densities via FAR to transform commercial areas into mixed use centers.
🏭 Industrial zones segregate hazardous industries away from residences based on factors like wind direction.
🌳 Sensitive natural areas like forests, lakes etc. are preserved via stringent development regulations.

Q & A

What is the purpose of zoning in urban planning?
-The purpose of zoning is to avoid incompatible land uses, prevent misuse of land, determine building heights and density, give direction to city development, secure health/safety, and promote general welfare.
What is the difference between zoning regulations and structural regulations?
-Zoning regulations allocate land uses, control building heights/densities, and regulate population density. Structural regulations impose restrictions on building materials and workmanship.
What are the key principles of zoning?
-Key principles are: functional distribution of areas, optimized travel, economic development, preserving sensitive areas, improving quality of life, securing health/safety, segregating problematic uses.
What are the different aspects of zoning discussed?
-The aspects discussed are: density zoning to control population density, height zoning to control building heights, and use zoning to define land use types like residential, commercial, industrial etc.
How is transit-oriented development incorporated into the zoning plan?
-A transit-oriented development (TOD) zone is created as an overlay along metro corridors to incentivize redevelopment near transit with higher FARs to enable compact development.
What is the purpose of the Old City zone in Bhopal?
-The Old City zone aims to incentivize heritage conservation and controlled urban regeneration to maintain the character and fabric of the iconic old city.
How are principles of zoning applied for industrial areas?
-Industrial zones segregate non-compatible uses like residential areas. Hazardous industries are located at city edges based on wind direction and away from residences.
How does the plan address environmental considerations?
-It uses zoning to preserve forests, water bodies, sensitive natural resources. It also creates buffers around lakes to regulate development in eco-sensitive areas.
How does zoning assist in translating the overall vision for a city?
-Zoning aligns with the overall city vision to resolve identified issues. Combined with local area plans, it helps translate the vision on-ground through regulated land uses.
What are the advantages of height zoning?
-Height zoning aesthetically controls development, prevents monopoly of light/air, regulates land values, and facilitates orderly traffic movement and public health.

Outlines

00:00

😊 Introducing the Course on Zoning Regulations

The instructor welcomes students to the course introduction on urban planning. The session will cover zoning regulations - an important control tool to regulate land use, guide growth, facilitate efficient use of resources, and improve quality of life in cities. Key concepts like exclusionary zoning and flexible planning will also be discussed.

05:01

📝 Understanding Zoning: Purpose, Types, Differences from Structural Regulations

This section explains the purpose of zoning - to conserve land value, avoid incompatible land use, determine heights and densities, and give direction for development. It differentiates zoning regulations (for land use, height, density) from structural regulations (for building materials, workmanship). Zoning power is executed through approval systems and site supervision.

10:01

📍 Exploring Aspects of Zoning: Density, Height and Land Use Zoning

The three key aspects of zoning are discussed - density zoning to control population density, height zoning to control building heights considering light and ventilation, and land use zoning to define residential, commercial, industrial, recreational areas in a city. Guidelines provide for 43 defined land use zones across 10 categories.

15:01

📐 Principles for Effective Zoning

Key principles for effective zoning are outlined - functional distribution of work areas, optimizing travel distance, promoting economic development, preserving sensitive ecological areas, improving quality of life through high livability, and segregating hazardous or problematic land uses.

20:03

🏙 Studying Zoning Regulations through Bhopal's Draft Development Plan 2031

For practical understanding, Bhopal's development plan is analyzed to see how zoning addresses identified issues like conserving forests & heritage, low density areas, commercial encroachment in residential areas etc. Innovative transit-oriented development, heritage conservation through TDRs and land use changes are key takeaways.

25:05

👷‍♂️ Executing Density and Height Zoning in the Development Plan

The development plan's residential zoning provisions demonstrate density zoning tools like permissible FAR limits and open space requirements. Height zoning aims to regulate building heights considering light, ventilation and traffic. Maximum heights and community open space specifications control density.

30:07

📝 Summary - Zoning for Organized Growth through Regulations

In summary, zoning is an important planning tool to systematically organize land use, manage density, segregate incompatible activities, and create desirable character areas through tailored regulations. It translates the vision of city plans to shape on-ground development.

35:11

☺️ Closing Remarks

The instructor concludes by listing the references and encouraging further reading. Students are welcomed to ask questions, share experiences and suggestions for co-learning about urban planning.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Zoning

Zoning refers to the demarcation of land for allocation and regulation of specific activities and usages like residential, commercial, industrial etc. It is an important planning tool to control development. The video discusses various aspects of zoning like density zoning, height zoning, use zoning etc. and how they are applied in the Bhopal Development Plan.

💡Density zoning

Density zoning refers to controlling the population density in an area through zoning regulations. The video gives examples of how density zoning is used in the Bhopal plan by specifying FAR limits and marginal open spaces.

💡Height zoning

Height zoning refers to controlling the permissible height of buildings in an area based on factors like street width, light and ventilation. The Bhopal plan uses regulations on maximum permissible heights for residential areas.

💡Use zoning

Use zoning defines the permissible uses for different zones like residential, commercial, industrial etc. It is crucial for segregating incompatible uses. The Bhopal plan delineates various use zones like residential, transit-oriented zone, commercial mixed-use etc.

💡Heritage conservation

Heritage conservation of buildings and precincts is addressed in the Bhopal plan through incentives and regulations under the Old City Zone. A Heritage Conservation and Management Plan is also proposed for this zone.

💡Transit-oriented development (TOD)

TOD promotes compact development around transit nodes. The Bhopal plan introduces a Transit Oriented Zone around the metro corridor with higher FAR and mixed-use activities.

💡Local area plans

Local area plans provide detailed planning for smaller areas. The video states these will be prepared for plots in the TOD zone for finer level planning and amalgamation.

💡Environmental considerations

Various environmentally sensitive areas like water bodies, forests, catchments are protected through designated zones in the Bhopal Master Plan with strict regulations.

💡Land-use transport integration

The Transit Oriented Zone in the Bhopal plan aims to integrate land use planning with transportation by promoting development around metro stations.

💡Development incentives

Incentives like higher FAR and TDR are provided in zones like TOD and Old City to promote desired development like compact growth and heritage conservation.

Highlights

Zoning is a planning control tool to regulate land use based on usage, purpose, geology

Purpose of zoning is to avoid incompatible land uses, prevent misuse of land, determine building heights and density

Zoning regulations prescribe land use while structural regulations impose restrictions on building materials and workmanship

Key aspects of zoning are density zoning to control population density, height zoning to control building heights, and use zoning to define land use

Guidelines specify 43 potential land use zones within 10 categories at the development plan level with flexibility for planners

Key principles of zoning: distribute work/living areas, optimize travel, promote economic development, preserve sensitive areas

Case study shows zoning used to address issues like conserving forests and heritage, low density areas, mixed land use

Transit oriented development zone promoted compact development near metro corridor through incentives

Old city zone aims to incentivize heritage conservation while maintaining character through heritage management plan

Changing zones from commercial to mixed use with higher FAR densifies areas to accommodate more people

Industrial zones segregate incompatible activities ensuring residential areas not near hazardous industries

Public facilities, parks, transport zones distribute key infrastructure uniformly across the city

Lake catchment zones have stringent regulations with buffers to preserve the sensitive ecology

Height zoning used to control density by regulating factors like FSI, bulk, street width, light and ventilation

Zoning regulates growth, organizes land use, increases livability - translated from vision to on-ground implementation

Transcripts

Browse More Related Video

Lecture 8: Development Plan II (Case Study- Draft Bhopal Development Plan 2031)

Lecture 24: Public Health and Urban Planning - II

Lecture 6: Regional Plan II

Lecture 16: Contextualizing Cities (Egyptian, Mesopotamian, and Indus Valley Civilization)

Lecture 33: Evolution and Growth of Planning Legislation II (USA)

Suburbs that don't Suck - Streetcar Suburbs (Riverdale, Toronto)