Nursing Dosage Calculations - Example Problems 4-5 - @LevelUpRN

Level Up RN
18 Aug 201905:55
EducationalLearning
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TLDRThe video script discusses the process of calculating medication dosages based on a patient's weight. It covers two problems: one where a patient weighing 150lbs is to receive 0.3ml/kg, resulting in a dosage of 20.5ml after converting pounds to kilograms; and a more complex scenario involving a child weighing 22lbs needing 12mg/kg/day divided into doses every eight hours, using a medication concentration of 200mg/5ml. The calculation results in administering 1 milliliter per dose. The video emphasizes the importance of accurate unit conversion and adherence to rounding instructions for precise dosing.

Takeaways
  • 📐 Dosing calculations are based on a patient's weight, requiring unit conversion from pounds to kilograms.
  • 🧪 The conversion factor from pounds to kilograms is 1kg = 2.2lbs, which is crucial for dosing calculations.
  • 🩸 For Problem 4, a patient weighing 150lbs requires a dosage calculated at 0.3ml/kg of body weight.
  • 🔢 Calculation for Problem 4: (150lbs / 2.2lbs/kg) * 0.3ml/kg results in 20.45454545ml, rounded to 20.5ml as per the instruction to round to the nearest tenth.
  • 💊 In dosing calculations, it is essential to follow rounding instructions precisely to avoid errors in the final result.
  • 📈 Problem 5 introduces a more complex scenario where the dosage is 12mg/kg/day divided into doses every eight hours.
  • 👶 The child in Problem 5 weighs 22lbs, which must be converted to kilograms for dosage calculation.
  • 🌡️ The daily dosage is calculated by multiplying the child's weight in kilograms by the ordered dosage (12mg/kg/day).
  • 🕒 The total daily dosage is divided by the number of doses (every eight hours) to find the dosage per dose.
  • 💧 To find the volume in milliliters, the dosage per dose (in milligrams) is related to the medication's concentration (mg/ml).
  • 🥽 The final step in Problem 5 is to calculate the number of milliliters per dose using the medication's concentration and the dosage per dose.
Q & A

  • What is the main topic of Problem 4 in the transcript?

    -The main topic of Problem 4 is calculating the correct dosage of medication based on a patient's weight in pounds, converting it to kilograms, and applying the given dosage rate.

  • How much does the patient in Problem 4 weigh?

    -The patient in Problem 4 weighs 150 pounds.

  • What is the conversion factor used to convert pounds to kilograms in the script?

    -The conversion factor used to convert pounds to kilograms is 2.2 pounds per kilogram.

  • What is the dosage rate prescribed for the patient in Problem 4?

    -The dosage rate prescribed for the patient in Problem 4 is 0.3 milliliters per kilogram of body weight.

  • How many milliliters of medication should the patient in Problem 4 receive, and what rounding instruction was given?

    -The patient in Problem 4 should receive 20.5 milliliters of medication, and the rounding instruction was to round to the nearest tenth.

  • What is the main topic of Problem 5 in the transcript?

    -The main topic of Problem 5 is calculating the dosage of medication per dose, considering the patient's weight in pounds, the medication concentration, and the frequency of administration every eight hours.

  • How much does the child in Problem 5 weigh?

    -The child in Problem 5 weighs 22 pounds.

  • What is the total daily dosage ordered for the child in Problem 5?

    -The total daily dosage ordered for the child in Problem 5 is 12 milligrams per kilogram of body weight.

  • How often is the medication to be administered in Problem 5?

    -The medication is to be administered every eight hours in Problem 5.

  • What is the concentration of the available medication in Problem 5?

    -The concentration of the available medication in Problem 5 is 200 milligrams per 5 milliliters.

  • How many milliliters per dose should be administered to the child in Problem 5, and how was this calculated?

    -1 milliliter per dose should be administered to the child in Problem 5. This was calculated by first determining the daily dosage in milligrams, dividing it by the number of doses (every eight hours), and then using the medication concentration to convert the dosage to milliliters.

Outlines
00:00
📏 Dosing Calculation Based on Patient's Weight

The first paragraph discusses the process of calculating a drug dosage based on a patient's weight. It begins with a specific problem where a patient weighs 150lbs and the required dosage is 0.3ml/kg of body weight. The speaker emphasizes the importance of converting pounds to kilograms using the conversion factor of 1kg = 2.2lbs. The calculation involves dividing the patient's weight in kilograms by the dosage rate (0.3ml/kg) to find out the volume of medication needed in milliliters. The speaker also highlights the importance of adhering to rounding instructions, rounding the final answer to the nearest tenth, resulting in a dosage of 20.5ml for this scenario. The paragraph concludes by mentioning the transition to the next problem, which will involve more complex calculations.

05:02
💊 Complex Dosing Calculation for Weight-Based Medication

The second paragraph delves into a more complex dosing calculation, focusing on a scenario where a child weighs 22lbs and the doctor has ordered a medication dosage of 12mg/kg/day, to be divided into doses every eight hours. The speaker first converts the child's weight to kilograms and then calculates the total milligrams needed for the day. This daily dosage is then divided by the number of doses (every eight hours) to find the dosage per dose. The paragraph continues by explaining how to convert this dosage into milliliters, using the available medication concentration of 200mg/5ml. The final calculation results in administering one milliliter of medication per dose, every eight hours. The speaker reiterates the importance of following the units of measure and the steps involved in the calculation, and encourages viewers to stay engaged for more examples.

Mindmap
Keywords
💡dosing calculations
Dosing calculations refer to the process of determining the appropriate amount of medication to administer to a patient based on specific factors such as weight. In the video, this concept is central as it guides healthcare professionals in calculating the correct dosage for patients, ensuring the medication is both safe and effective. For instance, the video discusses calculating a dose based on a patient's weight in kilograms and the prescribed dosage per kilogram.
💡conversion factor
A conversion factor is a number that is used to convert a physical quantity from one unit to another. In the context of the video, the conversion factor of 2.2 pounds per kilogram is crucial for transforming the patient's weight from pounds to kilograms, which is necessary for accurate dosing calculations. This mathematical tool is essential in medical calculations to ensure that dosages are tailored to an individual's size and weight.
💡rounding
Rounding is the process of adjusting a number to the nearest whole or decimal value, often to the nearest tenth, as per the requirements of the context. In the video, rounding is emphasized as a critical step in dosing calculations to ensure that the final dosage is both precise and practical for administration. Proper rounding prevents errors that could lead to incorrect dosages, which is crucial for patient safety and effective treatment.
💡milliliters
Milliliters (mL) is a unit of volume used to measure the volume of liquids. In the medical context of the video, milliliters are used to express the volume of medication to be administered. This unit is significant as it directly relates to the actual amount of medication a patient will receive, and it is used in the calculations to convert the weight-based dosage into a measurable quantity that can be administered.
💡kilograms
Kilograms (kg) are a unit of mass used in the International System of Units (SI). In the video, kilograms are used as the standard unit for calculating medication dosages based on a patient's weight. Converting weight from pounds to kilograms is a common practice in healthcare to ensure that dosages are standardized and easily compared across different patients and healthcare systems.
💡medication concentration
Medication concentration refers to the amount of active drug substance contained within a given volume of the medication solution. It is typically expressed in terms such as milligrams per milliliter (mg/mL). Understanding the concentration of a medication is crucial for dosing calculations because it allows healthcare professionals to determine how much of the medication solution needs to be administered to deliver the prescribed dose.
💡doses
In the context of the video, doses refer to the individual amounts of medication that are administered to a patient at specified intervals. The calculation of doses is essential to ensure that the patient receives the correct amount of medication throughout the day, as prescribed by the healthcare provider. This involves breaking down the total daily dose into smaller, more frequent amounts that are safe and effective for the patient.
💡weight-based dosing
Weight-based dosing is a method of adjusting the amount of medication prescribed based on the patient's weight. This approach ensures that dosages are tailored to the individual's size, optimizing therapeutic outcomes and minimizing the risk of adverse effects. It is a common practice in pediatric care and other areas of medicine where dosages need to be individualized.
💡prescription order
A prescription order is a directive from a licensed healthcare provider that specifies the medication, dosage, and frequency of administration for a patient. It serves as a legal and professional instruction for the dispensing and administration of medications. In the video, the prescription order sets the parameters for the dosing calculations, providing the necessary information for healthcare professionals to determine the correct amount of medication to administer.
💡patient safety
Patient safety refers to the prevention of harm and ensuring the well-being of patients during the provision of healthcare services. In the context of the video, accurate dosing calculations are critical for maintaining patient safety by avoiding medication errors, such as overdoses or underdoses, which can lead to serious health consequences.
💡calculation
Calculation, in this context, refers to the mathematical process of determining dosages based on various factors such as weight, medication concentration, and prescribed dosages. These calculations are essential in healthcare to ensure that patients receive the correct amount of medication, which is vital for effective treatment and minimizing potential risks.
Highlights

The process of calculating dosing based on a patient's weight is discussed.

A patient weighing 150lbs requires a conversion of weight from pounds to kilograms for accurate dosing calculations.

The conversion factor of 1kg being equivalent to 2.2lbs is crucial for dosing calculations.

The order for medication is 0.3ml/kg of body weight in the given problem.

Rounding instructions are critical in dosing calculations and should be followed precisely to avoid errors.

The final calculated dosage for the patient is 20.5ml, rounded to the nearest tenth.

Problem 5 involves a more complex calculation, requiring multiple steps to determine the dosage per dose.

A child weighing 22lbs has a medication order of 12mg/kg/day to be divided into doses every eight hours.

The child's weight is converted to kilograms for the calculation, resulting in 22lbs multiplied by the conversion factor.

The total daily dosage is calculated as 120mg, derived from the weight in kilograms and the ordered dosage.

The dosage is further broken down to find out the amount required per dose every eight hours, resulting in 40mg per dose.

The medication's available concentration is 200mg/5ml, which is used to calculate the volume of medication in milliliters per dose.

The final calculation shows that 1 milliliter per dose is administered every eight hours to the child.

The importance of following the units of measure given and working towards the ordered dosage is emphasized.

Problem 5 is identified as the most challenging of the problems discussed in the transcript.

The process involves converting weight to kilograms, calculating daily dosage, breaking it down into per-dose amounts, and finally determining the volume of medication needed.

Transcripts

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