CPR for children video (aged 1-8 years) taught by paediatric nurse Sarah Hunstead
TLDRThe transcript outlines the essential steps of CPR for children, emphasizing circulation of blood and oxygen to the brain. It details the ABCD approach: assessing danger, checking for response, sending for help, and performing airway, breathing, compressions, and defibrillation procedures. The guide stresses safety, clear communication with emergency services, and the importance of acting quickly and effectively to increase the chances of a positive outcome.
Takeaways
- π§ CPR is a vital skill for every parent and family member to have, focusing on circulating blood and oxygen, primarily to the brain.
- π¨ The first step in CPR is to assess the danger (D), ensuring safety for yourself, the child, and others around before proceeding.
- π€ Check for responsiveness (A) by gently squeezing the child's shoulder and asking for a response, like opening their eyes or crying.
- π In case of an emergency, call emergency services immediately (S), using the local emergency number and providing clear information about the situation.
- π± Utilize technology, such as the emergency Plus app, to provide your location to emergency services quickly and accurately.
- π Clear and open the airway (A) by rolling the child onto their side to remove any obstructions and then performing a head tilt chin lift.
- π Check for breathing (B) by looking, listening, and feeling for up to 10 seconds to determine if the breathing is normal or abnormal.
- π€² Perform compressions (C) at a rate of 100 to 120 per minute, pressing down 1/3 the depth of the child's chest in the center on the hard breastbone.
- π¨ Give breaths by opening the airway, pinching the nose, and inflating the child's lungs with mouth-to-mouth ventilation, ensuring chest rise.
- π ΏοΈ Use a defibrillator if available, following its instructions, and continue CPR if only one person is present or if another person is retrieving it.
- π Stop CPR when the child responds, if you are physically too exhausted to continue, or if professionals like paramedics arrive or the defibrillator advises you to stop.
Q & A
What is the primary purpose of CPR for children according to the transcript?
-The primary purpose of CPR for children is to circulate blood and oxygen around the body, primarily to the brain, to give them the best chance at a good outcome if the cause of cardiac arrest can be fixed.
What does the acronym ABCD stand for in the context of CPR?
-In the context of CPR, ABCD stands for Danger (Assess safety), Response (Check if the child is conscious), Send for help (Call emergency services), and Defibrillation (if a defibrillator is available).
How can you ensure safety before starting CPR?
-Before starting CPR, one should ensure their own safety, the child's safety, and the safety of those around them by being aware of potential dangers such as electricity, fire, roads, water, etc.
What is the recommended ratio of compressions to breaths when performing CPR on a child?
-The recommended ratio of compressions to breaths when performing CPR on a child is 30 compressions to 2 breaths.
What should you do if you suspect a child's airway is blocked?
-If a child's airway is suspected to be blocked, you should roll them onto their side to clear the front of their mouth, allowing any obstructions to drain out, and then perform a head tilt chin lift to open the airway.
How do you check for abnormal breathing in a child during CPR?
-To check for abnormal breathing in a child, you should hold their airway open, get close, and look, listen, and feel for the rise and fall of the chest or tummy, sounds of air coming out, andζ°ζ― on your cheeks for up to 10 seconds.
What is the recommended rate for chest compressions in children?
-The recommended rate for chest compressions in children is 100 to 120 compressions per minute, which is almost 2 compressions per second.
How can you ensure effective chest compressions in a child?
-Effective chest compressions in a child are achieved by pressing down 1/3 the depth of the chest over the hard breastbone in the center of the chest, allowing the chest to fully rebound between compressions.
What should you do when a defibrillator is available during CPR?
-When a defibrillator is available, you should turn it on and follow its instructions. It is safe to touch the patient once the defibrillator advises it is safe to do so, and you should continue CPR until help arrives or the child responds.
When should you stop performing CPR?
-You should stop performing CPR if the child starts responding, if you are too physically exhausted to continue, or if someone more experienced, like paramedics, arrives or a defibrillator advises you to stop.
What is the recommended action if you are unable to call emergency services?
-If you are unable to call emergency services, you should seek help in any way possible, such as shouting for neighbors, banging on doors, flagging down a car, or any method that will attract attention and get assistance.
Outlines
π¨ CPR Importance and Initial Steps
This paragraph emphasizes the critical nature of CPR, especially for parents and family members, clarifying that CPR is not about reviving life but about maintaining blood circulation to the brain. It introduces the ABCD approach: Airway, Breathing, Circulation, and Defibrillation. The initial step is to ensure safety from dangers like electricity or fire. The instinct to rush to an injured child is acknowledged, but the importance of assessing the environment for safety first is stressed. If the child is in immediate danger, they should be moved carefully despite their injuries.
π Emergency Response and Help
The paragraph details the second step in the ABCD method, which is 'S' for sending for help. It instructs to call emergency services and provides specific numbers for Australia and New Zealand. The importance of knowing local emergency numbers and using the Emergency Plus app for location sharing is highlighted. Clear communication with emergency operators is emphasized, along with instructions for others present to wait for the ambulance and ensure access for paramedics.
π¬οΈ Clearing the Airway and Checking Breathing
This section focuses on 'A' for airway and 'B' for breathing from the ABCD approach. It explains the differences in airway structure between adults, children, and babies, and the susceptibility of children to airway blockages. The procedure for clearing the airway, including rolling the victim on their side and performing a head tilt chin lift, is described. The method for checking breathing involves looking, listening, and feeling for signs of normal or abnormal breathing. The importance of recognizing abnormal breathing patterns is stressed.
π€² CPR Compressions and Breaths
The paragraph covers 'C' for compressions in CPR, explaining that even without a pulse, compressions are necessary if breathing is abnormal or absent. Detailed instructions are provided on how to perform chest compressions on a child, including the correct hand position, compression depth, and rate. The importance of allowing the chest to fully recoil between compressions is highlighted. The method for administering breaths, including opening the airway and mouth-to-mouth inflation, is also described, with emphasis on ensuring adequate chest rise without over-inflating.
π₯ Continuing CPR and Defibrillation
The final paragraph discusses the continuation of CPR, the use of a defibrillator, and the criteria for stopping CPR. It reiterates the importance of checking for danger and response, clearing the airway, and checking breathing. The use of a defibrillator is encouraged, with instructions to follow its prompts and the assurance that no special training is needed. The paragraph outlines when to cease CPR, such as when the child responds, the rescuer is too exhausted to continue, or professional help arrives.
Mindmap
Keywords
π‘CPR
π‘ABCD
π‘Defibrillator
π‘Safety
π‘Consciousness
π‘Airway
π‘Breathing
π‘Compressions
π‘Emergency Services
π‘Response
π‘Physical Exhaustion
Highlights
CPR is a vital skill for every parent and family member to have, focusing on circulating blood and oxygen around the body, primarily to the brain.
The steps of CPR are outlined by the acronym ABCD: Danger, Response, Airway, Breathing, Compressions, and Defibrillator.
Safety is paramount; ensure your surroundings are secure before attending to the child in danger.
In Australia, the emergency number is triple zero, and the Emergency Plus app can provide precise location to emergency services.
Clearing the airway is crucial, especially in babies and children who can easily have blocked airways.
To open the airway, perform a head tilt and chin lift, ensuring the tongue does not obstruct the airway.
Check for normal or abnormal breathing by looking, listening, and feeling for up to 10 seconds.
Initiate CPR with 30 compressions and 2 breaths if the child is unconscious and has abnormal or no breathing.
Compressions should be one-third the depth of the chest, at a rate of 100 to 120 per minute.
Use the rhythm of songs like 'Stayin' Alive' by the Bee Gees or 'Baby Shark' to maintain the correct compression pace.
When giving breaths, ensure a good seal over the mouth and inflate the lungs just enough to see the chest rise.
If a defibrillator is available, use it immediately, and if alone, continue CPR while following the defibrillator's prompts.
CPR should be stopped if the child responds, if you're too physically exhausted, or if a more experienced person arrives.
The importance of calling emergency services and following their instructions cannot be overstated during a cardiac arrest situation.
The process of checking for danger, response, and breathing, as well as the method of performing CPR, is reiterated for clarity and emphasis.
The use of the Emergency Plus app is encouraged for its ability to provide precise location information to emergency services.
The significance of not delaying CPR and the proper technique for chest compressions and breaths is emphasized for effective resuscitation.
Transcripts
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