Neck Pain, Cervical Disc Herniation & Radiculopathy-Everything You Need To Know - Dr. Nabil Ebraheim

nabil ebraheim
16 Oct 201705:03
EducationalLearning
32 Likes 10 Comments

TLDRThe transcript discusses cervical disc herniation and radiculopathy, highlighting the common sites of herniation and the resulting symptoms. It explains how nerve root irritation leads to neck pain, radiating to the upper extremity, and may cause numbness, paresthesia, and weakness. The importance of examining motor power, sensation, and reflexes for each involved nerve root is emphasized. Specific effects on the C3, C4, C5, C6, C7, C8, and T1 nerve roots are detailed, including sensory deficits, motor functions, and reflexes affected.

Takeaways
  • 🔍 Cervical disc herniation commonly occurs at C6-C7, but can also affect C5-C6 levels.
  • 😖 Patients experience neck pain, nerve root irritation, and pain radiating to the ipsilateral upper extremity.
  • 🌟 Numbness, paresthesia, and weakness are common symptoms associated with cervical disc herniation.
  • 🚫 Activities like coughing, sneezing, and neck movements can exacerbate the pain.
  • 💡 A thorough examination is crucial to assess the impact on motor power, sensation, and reflexes of the affected nerves.
  • 📊 C3-C4 disc herniation can lead to sensory deficits around the shoulder area and potentially affect the respiratory system.
  • 💪 C4-C5 disc bulge impacts C5 nerve root, affecting sensation in the shoulder area and biceps reflex.
  • 🤲 C5-C6 disc herniation affects sensation in the index finger and thumb, and can influence elbow flexion and brachioradialis reflex.
  • 🖐️ C6-C7 bulge or herniation impacts the C7 nerve root, with sensory changes in the middle finger and motor effects on elbow extension and wrist flexion.
  • 👐 C7-T1 disc herniation affects the C8 nerve root, leading to sensory changes in the medial two fingers and forearm, and motor effects on finger flexion.
  • 🤕 T1-T2 disc herniation impacts the T1 nerve root, causing sensory changes and affecting the function of the intrinsic hand muscles.
Q & A

  • What is cervical disc herniation?

    -Cervical disc herniation is a condition where the soft, inner part of a spinal disc bulges or breaks through the tough exterior wall of the disc, potentially causing pain, numbness, or weakness in the neck and upper extremities.

  • Which cervical levels are most commonly affected by disc herniation?

    -Cervical disc herniation most frequently occurs at the C6-C7 level, but it can also happen at the C5-C6 level.

  • What symptoms might a patient experience due to cervical radiculopathy?

    -Patients with cervical radiculopathy may complain of neck pain, numbness, paresthesia (tingling or prickling sensations), and weakness that radiates to the ipsilateral (same side) upper extremity.

  • How can coughing, sneezing, and neck movements affect a patient with cervical disc herniation?

    -Coughing, sneezing, and neck movements can exacerbate the pain in patients with cervical disc herniation by increasing pressure on the affected nerve roots.

  • What are the effects of a C3-C4 disc herniation on the nervous system?

    -A C3-C4 disc herniation can affect the C4 nerve root, resulting in sensory deficits around the shoulder area and potentially impacting the respiratory system due to the involvement of the phrenic nerve, which is largely supplied by C4.

  • What specific functions can be affected by a C4-C5 disc bulge?

    -A C4-C5 disc bulge can affect the C5 nerve root, altering sensation around the shoulder area, affecting the biceps reflex, and impacting motor functions such as deltoid muscle strength and elbow flexion.

  • What sensory and motor functions are impacted by a C5-C6 disc herniation?

    -A C5-C6 disc herniation affects the C6 nerve root, leading to sensory deficits in the index finger and thumb, and impacting the brachioradialis reflex, as well as motor functions like elbow flexion.

  • What are the symptoms of a C6-C7 disc herniation?

    -A C6-C7 disc herniation affects the C7 nerve root, causing sensory changes in the middle finger, and impacting motor functions such as elbow extension, triceps strength, wrist flexion, and finger extension.

  • How does a disc herniation between C7 and T1 affect the nervous system?

    -A disc herniation between C7 and T1 affects the C8 nerve root, leading to sensory changes in the medial two fingers and the medial part of the forearm, and impacting motor functions like finger flexion.

  • What are the motor functions affected by a disc herniation between T1 and T2?

    -A disc herniation between T1 and T2 affects the T1 nerve root, impacting the motor functions of the intrinsic hand muscles, including abduction and adduction, leading to difficulties in spreading or bringing fingers together.

  • What reflexes are associated with the C5, C6, and C7 nerve roots?

    -The biceps reflex is associated with the C5 nerve root, the brachioradialis reflex with the C6 nerve root, and the triceps reflex with the C7 nerve root.

Outlines
00:00
🌟 Neck Pain and Cervical Disc Herniation

This paragraph discusses the common issue of neck pain due to cervical disc herniation, particularly at the C6-C7 vertebrae. It explains how this condition can lead to nerve root irritation, causing pain that radiates to the upper extremity on the same side as the affected nerve. The paragraph also touches on symptoms such as numbness, paresthesia, and weakness, which are exacerbated by coughing, sneezing, and neck movements. It emphasizes the importance of a careful examination to assess the impact on motor power, sensation, and reflexes for each involved nerve. Specific examples are given, such as how a C3-C4 disc issue affects the C4 nerve root and can impact the respiratory system, or how a C4-C5 disc bulge can affect the C5 nerve root, leading to changes in sensation around the shoulder area and affecting the biceps reflex. The paragraph further details how different disc herniations at C5-C6 and C6-C7 can impact sensory and motor functions, including the brachial radialis reflex, elbow flexion, and finger extension. It concludes with a discussion on the effects of disc herniation between C7-T1 and T1-T2 on the C8 and T1 nerve roots, respectively, including the loss of certain reflexes and motor abilities.

Mindmap
Keywords
💡Cervical Disc Herniation
Cervical disc herniation refers to a condition where the soft center of a spinal disc in the neck area bulges out through a tear in the tough exterior wall. This can irritate nearby nerves, leading to pain, numbness, or weakness. In the video, it is mentioned that this condition most frequently occurs at the C6-C7 level but can also happen at C5-C6, causing symptoms like neck pain and radiating pain to the upper extremity.
💡Cervical Radiculopathy
Cervical radiculopathy is a nerve root problem in the neck caused by irritation or compression of the cervical nerve roots. This can result in symptoms like neck pain, numbness, paresthesia (abnormal sensation), and weakness in the arm or hand. The video script emphasizes that these symptoms occur due to the herniated discs affecting the nerve roots, with specific symptoms depending on which nerve root is affected.
💡Nerve Root Irritation
Nerve root irritation is a condition where the nerves that exit the spinal cord become inflamed or compressed, leading to pain, tingling, or weakness. In the context of the video, this irritation is specifically due to cervical disc herniation, which can cause symptoms to radiate to the upper extremity on the same side as the affected nerve.
💡Sensory Deficit
A sensory deficit refers to a loss or alteration in the ability to perceive sensory stimuli such as touch, temperature, or pain. In the video, sensory deficits are discussed in relation to specific nerve roots affected by cervical disc herniation, with different areas of the body being affected depending on the level of the herniation.
💡Motor Power
Motor power refers to the strength and ability of a muscle or group of muscles to move or perform actions. In the context of the video, it is discussed how cervical disc herniation can impact motor power by compressing or irritating the nerves that control muscle movement, leading to weakness or loss of function in certain body parts.
💡Reflexes
Reflexes are automatic, involuntary responses to stimuli that involve the nervous system. In the video, specific reflexes are associated with different nerve roots and are used as diagnostic tools to assess the integrity of those nerves. For example, the biceps reflex is primarily associated with the C5 nerve, while the triceps reflex is associated with the C7 nerve.
💡Brachioradialis Reflex
The brachioradialis reflex is a deep tendon reflex that tests the integrity of the radial nerve and the C5-C6 nerve roots. It is assessed by tapping the brachioradialis tendon on the forearm, which should cause a quick, involuntary extension of the wrist and fingers. The video script indicates that this reflex is affected by issues at the C5-C6 level.
💡Triceps Reflex
The triceps reflex is a deep tendon reflex that tests the function of the triceps muscle and the C7 nerve root. It is assessed by tapping the triceps tendon just above the elbow, which should result in a contraction of the triceps muscle. The video script discusses how a C7 nerve root issue, such as a C6-C7 bulge or disc herniation, can affect this reflex.
💡Sensory Areas
Sensory areas refer to specific regions of the body where sensory input from nerves is perceived. In the context of the video, sensory areas are affected by cervical disc herniation at different levels, leading to numbness or paresthesia in those areas. The video provides detailed mapping of which body parts are affected by issues at specific cervical levels.
💡Motor Functions
Motor functions are the actions that involve the movement of muscles and body parts under voluntary control. The video discusses how cervical disc herniation can impact motor functions by compressing the nerves that control muscle movement, leading to weakness or paralysis in certain muscles.
💡C5 and C6 Nerve Roots
The C5 and C6 nerve roots are specific nerves that exit the spinal cord at the cervical levels 5 and 6. These nerves are responsible for providing motor and sensory functions to the shoulder, arm, and hand. The video script details how disc herniation at these levels can lead to specific symptoms, such as weakness in the deltoid muscle, biceps reflex changes, and sensory deficits in the thumb and index finger.
Highlights

Cervical disc herniation commonly occurs at C6-C7, sometimes at C5-C6.

Patients with cervical disc herniation experience neck pain and nerve root irritation.

Pain from cervical disc herniation radiates to the ipsilateral upper extremity.

Symptoms include numbness, paresthesia, and weakness in the affected area.

Coughing, sneezing, and neck movements can exacerbate the pain.

Examination reveals effects on motor power, sensation, and reflexes related to the involved nerves.

C3-C4 disc herniation can cause sensory deficits around the shoulder area.

C4 nerve root involvement may affect the respiratory system.

C5 nerve root issues can impact sensation around the shoulder and biceps reflex.

C5-C6 disc herniation affects deltoid power, elbow flexion, and sensation at the thumb and index finger.

C6-C7 disc herniation impacts sensation in the middle finger and motor functions like elbow extension and wrist flexion.

C7 nerve root problems result in sensory changes in the middle finger and affect motor functions like triceps reflex and finger extension.

C5-C6 disc herniation can impact the brachioradialis and biceps reflexes.

C6-C7 disc herniation affects the radialis reflex and elbow flexion.

C7-T1 disc herniation affects the C8 nerve root, causing sensory changes in the medial two fingers and forearm.

T1 nerve root involvement impacts finger flexion and the function of the thenar muscles.

T1-T2 disc herniation affects the T1 nerve root, leading to sensation changes and issues with finger spreading and adduction.

Transcripts

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Related Tags
NeckPainCervicalHerniationNerveIrritationRadiculopathyUpperExtremitySensoryDeficitMotorFunctionMedicalConditionHealthcareAnatomy