PARALLEL STRUCTURE | English Lesson
TLDRIn this English grammar lesson, the concept of parallel structure is explored. Parallel structure refers to the grammatical technique where words and phrases in a sentence follow the same pattern, maintaining consistency in form. The lesson uses examples to illustrate correct and incorrect parallel structures, such as the difference between 'I enjoy hiking, swimming, and fishing' (correct) and 'I enjoy hiking, swimming, and to fish' (incorrect). It also covers the importance of parallelism in verb tenses and action phrases. The instructor provides practice sentences for the audience to identify and correct non-parallel elements, emphasizing the need for consistency in tense and action across a sentence. The lesson concludes with a reminder of the importance of parallel structure for clear and correct communication in English.
Takeaways
- 📚 Parallel structure in grammar refers to the use of matching elements in a sentence to maintain consistency and clarity.
- 🔍 The concept is likened to parallel lines in math, which are lines that follow the same path without touching, symbolizing uniformity in grammar.
- 💡 Examples of parallel structure include lists or phrases where each item follows the same grammatical form, such as gerunds in the sentence 'I enjoy hiking, swimming, and fishing.'
- ❌ Incorrect parallel structure can make a sentence incorrect, as demonstrated by 'I enjoy hiking, swimming, and to fish,' which lacks uniformity.
- 🎓 Identifying parallel elements involves looking for phrases or clauses that should be grammatically similar, like 'go to college' and 'get a job.'
- 📝 Practice exercises can help solidify understanding, such as correcting 'Joey is studying music, dance, and how to make art' to 'Joey is studying music, dance, and art.'
- 🔑 To correct non-parallel elements, adjust the sentence to maintain the same grammatical form, as in changing 'is good at speaking' to 'speaker' to match 'reader' and 'writer'.
- ✅ Maintain the original sentence structure as much as possible when making corrections, which often means changing the second element to match the first, as in 'drinking Mountain Dew' and 'eating Doritos'.
- 🕒 Tense consistency is crucial for parallel structure, ensuring that all verbs in a series are in the same tense, as corrected from 'I run out the door' to 'ran out the door'.
- 📈 The video provides a comprehensive guide for learners and those looking to refresh their understanding of parallel structure in English grammar.
- 📌 Free practice resources are available in the video description for further learning and application of parallel structure concepts.
Q & A
What is the concept of 'parallel structure' in grammar?
-Parallel structure in grammar refers to the use of matching grammatical forms, typically within a list or series, to create a balanced and coherent sentence structure.
Why is parallel structure important in writing?
-Parallel structure is important because it ensures clarity and consistency in writing. It helps the reader to easily understand the relationship between the items in a list or series.
What is an example of parallel structure given in the script?
-An example of parallel structure given in the script is 'I enjoy hiking, swimming, and fishing.', where 'hiking,' 'swimming,' and 'fishing' are all gerunds, following the same grammatical pattern.
How does the script illustrate the incorrect use of parallel structure?
-The script illustrates an incorrect use of parallel structure with the sentence 'I enjoy, hiking, swimming, and to fish.', where 'to fish' is not in the same gerund form as the other activities.
What is the correct way to make the sentence 'Joey is studying music, dance, and how to make art.' parallel?
-To make the sentence parallel, 'how to make art' should be changed to just 'art', resulting in 'Joey is studying music, dance, and art.', where all three items are nouns.
What is the issue with the parallel structure in the sentence 'Ben is, a talented singer, is good at speaking, and writer.'?
-The issue is that 'a talented singer' and 'writer' are nouns, while 'is good at speaking' is a verb phrase. To correct it, 'is good at speaking' should be changed to 'speaker', making it parallel with the other nouns.
How can the sentence 'Nick spends his days drinking Mountain Dew, and he eats Doritos.' be made parallel?
-The sentence can be made parallel by changing 'he eats Doritos' to 'eating Doritos', resulting in 'Nick spends his days drinking Mountain Dew and eating Doritos.', where both activities are in the -ing form.
What is the tense inconsistency in the sentence 'I picked up my things, run out the door, got in my car, and drove off.'?
-The tense inconsistency is with 'run out the door', which is in the present tense, while the rest of the sentence is in the past tense.
How should the sentence 'I picked up my things, run out the door, got in my car, and drove off.' be corrected to maintain parallel structure?
-The sentence should be corrected to 'I picked up my things, ran out the door, got in my car, and drove off.', where all verbs are in the past tense.
What is the significance of maintaining the original sentence structure when correcting for parallelism?
-Maintaining the original sentence structure when correcting for parallelism is important to preserve the author's intended meaning and style, while still ensuring grammatical correctness.
What additional resource is mentioned in the script for further practice on parallel structure?
-The script mentions that there is free practice available in the description for further work on parallel structure.
Outlines
📚 Understanding Parallel Structure in English Grammar
This paragraph introduces the concept of 'parallel structure' in English grammar. It compares the idea to the mathematical concept of parallel lines, which are lines that follow the same path without touching and look similar. In grammar, parallel structure means that all words and phrases in a sentence follow the same pattern or are written in the same way. The paragraph provides examples of correct and incorrect parallel structure, such as 'I enjoy hiking, swimming, and fishing' versus 'I enjoy hiking, swimming, and to fish.' It also includes practice sentences for the viewer to identify what should be parallel and how to correct sentences to maintain parallel structure, such as changing 'Joey is studying music, dance, and how to make art' to 'Joey is studying music, dance, and art' for consistency.
🎓 Recap and Additional Resources for Learning Parallel Structure
The second paragraph serves as a conclusion to the lesson on parallel structure. It acknowledges both new learners and those who are revisiting the concept, expressing hope that the video has been helpful. The speaker encourages viewers to take advantage of free practice resources available in the video description. The paragraph ends with a farewell, indicating the end of the lesson and anticipation of the next session.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Parallel structure
💡Gerund
💡Tense
💡Action
💡Noun
💡Practice
💡Sentence construction
💡Consistency
💡Error correction
💡Video script
💡Learning
Highlights
Introduction to the concept of 'parallel structure' in English grammar.
Comparison of parallel structure to parallel lines in mathematics.
Explanation that parallel structure involves words and phrases following the same pattern in a sentence.
Example given: 'I enjoy hiking, swimming, and fishing.' illustrating correct parallel structure.
Incorrect example provided: 'I enjoy, hiking, swimming, and to fish.' demonstrating broken parallelism.
Analysis of the sentence 'She wants to go to college and get a job.' showing parallel actions.
Practice exercise: Correcting the sentence 'Joey is studying music, dance, and how to make art.' to maintain parallel structure.
Correction suggested: 'Joey is studying music, dance, and art.'
Another practice exercise: Adjusting 'Ben is, a talented singer, is good at speaking, and writer.' for parallelism.
Suggested correction: 'Ben is a talented reader, speaker, and writer.'
Exercise involving changing 'Nick spends his days drinking Mountain Dew, and he eats Doritos.' to parallel structure.
Recommended change to 'Nick spends his days drinking Mountain Dew and eating Doritos.'
Final practice sentence: 'I picked up my things, run out the door, got in my car, and drove off.'
Identification of tense inconsistency in the sentence and the need for correction.
Correction made to 'I picked up my things, ran out the door, got in my car, and drove off.'
Emphasis on maintaining the original sentence structure as much as possible when correcting for parallelism.
Offer of free practice exercises in the video description for further learning.
Closing remarks encouraging viewers to apply what they've learned about parallel structure.
Transcripts
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