10 Indian Businesses Making The Most Expensive Products In The World | So Expensive

Business Insider
11 Nov 202390:34
EducationalLearning
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TLDRThe video script explores the intricate and labor-intensive processes behind some of India's most expensive products, from the hand-carved chess sets used in the World Chess Championship in Amritsar to the aromatic sandalwood and Muga silk. It delves into the challenges faced by artisans and farmers in maintaining the quality and authenticity of these luxury goods, highlighting the impact of climate change and global demand on their livelihoods. The script also uncovers the stories and dedication behind the creation of these unique items, emphasizing the cultural and historical significance they hold in India.

Takeaways
  • ๐ŸŒŸ The World Chess Championship's official chess sets are hand-carved in Amritsar, India, with each set requiring over 250 hours of artisan workmanship.
  • ๐ŸŽญ The knight piece, due to its detailed design, takes two hours to craft compared to other pieces, and less than 10 people are skilled enough to carve it.
  • ๐Ÿ† A high-quality set of chess pieces can cost $500, with the knight's craftsmanship significantly contributing to the set's overall value.
  • ๐Ÿชต The process of making chess pieces involves using specially designed steel cutters and meticulous attention to detail to ensure uniformity and quality.
  • ๐ŸŒฒ The production of Indian sandalwood oil has faced challenges due to overharvesting and legal restrictions, leading to a supply shortage and increased prices.
  • ๐Ÿ’ฐ The value of sandalwood oil has doubled since 2017, with the global market expected to reach over $165 million by 2027.
  • ๐ŸŒฟ The labor-intensive process of harvesting water lily seeds, which are used to make the popular snack fox nuts, takes over four days and is heavily influenced by weather conditions.
  • ๐Ÿ‚ The Muga silk industry in Assam faces threats from climate change, which can impact the survival of the Muga caterpillars necessary for silk production.
  • ๐ŸŒผ Jasmine oil, used in luxury perfumes, is extracted from carefully selected buds, with over 5,000 buds required to produce 1 kilogram of oil.
  • ๐Ÿงฃ The Patan patola sari, a traditional Indian textile, is renowned for its intricate double-ikat design and can take over a year to create, costing upwards of $8,000.
Q & A
  • What is the significance of the World Chess Championship chess sets made in Amritsar?

    -The chess sets made in Amritsar are significant because they are the only ones used in the World Chess Championship. These sets are hand-carved from wood and each piece, especially the knight, requires exceptional craftsmanship. The knight is the most challenging to produce due to its detailed design, and less than 10 people are trusted to carve it for the official sets.

  • How does the process of making a Patan patola sari differ from other saris?

    -Patan patola saris are unique because their intricate designs are dyed directly onto the silk threads before weaving, unlike other saris that are embroidered during weaving. This process involves separately dyeing the weft (horizontal) and warp (vertical) threads with a high level of precision. The final design is only revealed once the threads are woven together, making any mistake irreversible and risking months of work.

  • Why is saffron considered so valuable?

    -Saffron is considered valuable due to its labor-intensive harvesting process and the amount of flowers required to produce a small quantity of the spice. It takes over 150 flowers to make just 1 gram of saffron, and each flower must be carefully hand-picked. Additionally, saffron has been sought after for thousands of years for its use as a spice, dye, and medicine, adding to its cultural and historical value.

  • What challenges do clove farmers face in relation to the changing climate?

    -Clove farmers face significant challenges due to the changing climate. Unpredictable weather patterns can lead to heavy rainfall, which can cause the cloves to rot, or insufficient rain, which can result in the buds burning from the sun. These conditions can severely impact the yield and quality of the cloves, thereby affecting the farmers' profits and the global supply of this coveted spice.

  • What is the importance of the timing in the harvesting of green cardamom?

    -The timing of green cardamom harvesting is crucial as it directly affects the quality and value of the spice. Harvesters must collect the pods at the right time, which requires skilled workers trained to identify ripe fruits. Delays can lead to decay and loss of flavor, while early harvesting can result in pods that are not yet mature enough to yield a rich, high-quality spice.

  • How does the method of making ghee using a bilona differ from factory-made ghee?

    -Ghee made using a bilona is produced through a traditional, time-consuming process that involves fermenting the milk, then churning it by hand with the bilona beater to separate the butter from the buttermilk. This method is done completely by hand and results in a ghee with a more complex, nuttier flavor and higher smoke point than factory-made ghee, which is typically churned from cream in a mechanized process.

  • What is the significance of the sandalwood oil used in luxury perfumes?

    -Sandalwood oil is highly valued in the production of luxury perfumes due to its unique, long-lasting scent that blends well with other fragrances. The oil is derived from the heartwood of the sandalwood tree, which is known for its sweet, woodsy aroma that retains its fragrance for decades. The oil is used as a base for many high-end perfumes and is considered an essential component in the perfume industry.

  • How does the process of making muga silk affect the environment and the local economy?

    -Muga silk production has a significant impact on both the environment and the local economy. The process is environmentally friendly as it does not involve harmful chemicals. However, it is labor-intensive and requires a large number of muga caterpillars to produce the cocoons. This creates job opportunities and supports the local economy, especially in the Assam region of India. Yet, the production is threatened by climate change, which can disrupt the caterpillars' life cycle and reduce silk output.

  • What factors contribute to the high cost of jasmine oil?

    -The high cost of jasmine oil is primarily due to the labor-intensive process of harvesting the buds and the large quantity of flowers required to produce a small amount of oil. It takes over 5,000 jasmine buds to produce just 1 kilogram of jasmine oil, and the harvesting must be done by hand to avoid damaging the buds. Additionally, the processing of the flowers into oil is a complex and time-consuming task that adds to the cost.

  • Why is the production of real saffron at risk?

    -The production of real saffron is at risk due to several factors, including the labor-intensive harvesting process, which requires hand-picking of delicate stigmas from flowers, and the limited growing regions that can support the Crocus sativus plant. Climate change poses a significant threat, as it can alter the conditions necessary for the plant's growth and affect the quality and quantity of the harvest. Additionally, the high demand for saffron and the existence of cheaper, counterfeit alternatives can lead to the mislabeling or adulteration of the product, impacting the market for genuine saffron farmers.

  • What is the role of the Indian government in protecting and promoting traditional crafts like Patan patola?

    -The Indian government plays a crucial role in protecting and promoting traditional crafts like Patan patola by designating them as protected geographical indication (GI) products. This ensures that authentic Patan patola can only come from specific regions, maintaining the quality and cultural significance of the craft. The government also supports these industries by providing platforms for exposure, such as featuring them in fashion weeks and cultural events, which helps to increase demand and preserve the craft for future generations.

Outlines
00:00
๐ŸŽจ Artisanal Chess Sets of the World Chess Championship

The paragraph discusses the production of wooden chess sets used in the World Chess Championship, specifically in Amritsar, India. The artisans meticulously hand-carve each piece, with the knight being the most challenging to craft due to its detailed design. The value of the chess set is significantly influenced by the quality of the knights, with a finely carved set of knights accounting for up to 50% of the total cost. The process of carving a single knight takes two hours, and only a few artisans are skilled enough to craft them. The chess sets have specific dimensions and features, such as the king's height and the queen's jewel, which require careful attention and contribute to the production time and cost.

05:01
๐Ÿ† The Art and Science of Chess Piece Design

This paragraph delves into the design considerations of chess pieces, emphasizing how their height and detailed features affect gameplay and distinguish the pieces. The Staunton design, which is the only style allowed in international competition, is highlighted for its distinctive features that make identification of the pieces easier. The narrative also touches on the electronic components embedded in the pieces for tracking moves in championship matches, which adds to the sets' value. The weight and feel of the pieces are also discussed as important factors in their overall value and gameplay experience. Historical aspects of chess and the impact of media, such as 'The Queen's Gambit', on the popularity and sales of chess sets are also mentioned.

10:02
๐ŸŒฟ The Labor of Love: Indian Sandalwood

The paragraph explores the process of obtaining and utilizing Indian sandalwood, a highly valuable resource used in luxury perfumes and other products. The labor-intensive process of stripping the wood to access the aromatic heartwood is described, as well as the classification of different types of sandalwood, such as jajpokel. The unique fragrance of sandalwood and its long-lasting properties are highlighted, along with the economic and cultural significance of the wood. The challenges faced by the industry, including supply shortages, legal restrictions, and the environmental impact of overharvesting, are also discussed, along with efforts to restore and sustainably manage sandalwood resources.

15:04
๐ŸŒพ The Prickly Harvest: Water Lily Seeds in India

This paragraph details the arduous process of harvesting water lily seeds, also known as fox nuts, in India. The challenging work conditions, including wading through deep water and dealing with the thorny exterior of the water lily plant, are described. The importance of timing in the harvest, as well as the meticulous process of cleaning, drying, and roasting the seeds to achieve the perfect pop, are discussed. The economic and cultural significance of the water lily seeds in the region, as well as the impact of weather and environmental changes on the harvest, are also highlighted. The paragraph concludes with the high value and popularity of the popped seeds, both domestically and internationally.

20:13
๐Ÿงต The Golden Thread: Muga Silk Production

The paragraph focuses on the production of muga silk, a luxurious and durable fabric made from the cocoons of muga caterpillars in the Assam region of India. The unique golden color and protective properties of muga silk are highlighted, as well as the labor-intensive process of unraveling the cocoons to obtain the continuous thread. The challenges faced by muga silk producers, including the threat of climate change and the use of harmful chemicals, are discussed. The paragraph also touches on the efforts to conserve the muga silk industry, such as the designation of Assam muga silk as a protected geographical indication and the promotion of sustainable practices.

25:15
๐ŸŒบ The Costly Jasmine: From Buds to Luxe Perfumes

The paragraph explores the process of extracting jasmine oil, a key ingredient in luxury perfumes, from jasmine buds. The labor-intensive process of hand-picking the right buds, the importance of timing in the harvest, and the intricate process of extracting the oil are described. The economic and cultural significance of jasmine in India, as well as the impact of the global demand for jasmine oil on local producers, are highlighted. The paragraph also discusses the challenges faced by the jasmine industry, including the high cost of production and the potential impact of climate change on the harvest.

30:17
๐ŸŒธ The Price of Saffron: Harvesting the World's Most Expensive Spice

This paragraph delves into the process of harvesting saffron, the world's most expensive spice, and the factors contributing to its high cost. The labor-intensive process of hand-picking the delicate stigmas from the Crocus sativus flower, the impact of climate and soil on the quality and taste of saffron, and the economic significance of the spice in regions like Kashmir are discussed. The paragraph also addresses the issue of saffron adulteration and the efforts to combat fake products, as well as the cultural and historical significance of saffron.

35:22
๐Ÿฅฃ The Traditional Art of Bilona Ghee

The paragraph describes the traditional method of making bilona ghee, a type of clarified butter that is hand-churned using a wooden beater called a bilona. The process, which involves separating curds and whey from milk and fermenting the milk to develop complex flavors, is detailed. The paragraph also discusses the importance of using the right type of pot and the skilled labor required to produce high-quality ghee. The economic and cultural significance of ghee in South Asian cooking, as well as the growing demand for traditional methods like Bhavesh's, are highlighted.

40:25
๐ŸŒฟ The Queen of Spices: Green Cardamom

This paragraph focuses on the production of green cardamom, one of the world's most expensive spices. The process of harvesting the spice, which involves collecting pods by hand and drying them to preserve their flavor and color, is described. The challenges faced by cardamom farmers, including unpredictable weather and the impact of the climate crisis on supplies, are discussed. The paragraph also touches on the economic significance of cardamom in regions like India's Idukki district and the potential impact of increasing global demand on small farmers.

45:27
๐ŸŒฟ The Risk and Reward of Clove Harvesting

The paragraph discusses the dangerous and labor-intensive process of harvesting cloves in South India. The importance of timing and the skilled work required to pick the unopened flower buds without damaging them is highlighted. The paragraph also explores the complex flavor and medicinal properties of cloves, which contribute to their high value. The economic and cultural significance of cloves, as well as the challenges posed by changing climate patterns and their impact on the global clove market, are discussed.

50:28
๐Ÿงถ The Patan Patola: A Tapestry of Time and Precision

This paragraph describes the intricate and time-consuming process of creating a Patan patola sari, a traditional Indian textile known for its double-ikat design. The detailed steps involved in dyeing the silk threads, the precision required in the weaving process, and the unique characteristics of the looms used for Patan patola are discussed. The paragraph also touches on the cultural and historical significance of the sari, as well as the economic challenges faced by producers due to rising costs and the potential impact of increased demand on the traditional craft.

Mindmap
Keywords
๐Ÿ’กMuga silk
Muga silk, also known as the 'golden thread,' is a luxurious and durable fabric made from the cocoons of the muga silkworm native to the Assam region of India. It is known for its natural golden luster and ability to protect from harmful UV rays. The production of muga silk is labor-intensive, requiring the careful unraveling of thousands of cocoons to produce a single sari, contributing to its high cost and exclusivity.
๐Ÿ’กWorld Chess Championship
The World Chess Championship is the most prestigious title in the game of chess, and the factory in Amritsar, India, produces the official chess sets used in this competition. These sets are hand-carved from wood and are of exceptional quality, particularly the knight pieces, which are challenging to carve and require the skill of fewer than 10 master artisans.
๐Ÿ’กSandalwood
Sandalwood is a highly valued aromatic wood, native to South India, known for its sweet, woodsy fragrance that retains its scent for decades. It is used in various products, from luxury-brand perfumes to traditional wood carvings and medicine. The inner core of the sandalwood log, especially the pure heartwood, is the most valuable part due to its high oil content and distinct aroma.
๐Ÿ’กSaffron
Saffron is an expensive spice derived from the dried stigmas of the Crocus sativus flower. It is highly sought after for its unique flavor, color, and use in various culinary, medicinal, and cosmetic applications. The labor-intensive process of hand-picking the stigmas from the flowers and the large number of flowers required to produce a small amount of saffron contribute to its high cost.
๐Ÿ’กPatan Patola
Patan Patola is a traditional Indian silk textile known for its intricate double-ikat design, where both the warp and weft threads are dyed separately before being woven together to reveal the final pattern. The process is time-consuming and requires exceptional skill, making Patan Patola saris a luxury item and a symbol of status. The fabric is recognized for its cultural significance and has been featured in fashion weeks, leading to increased demand and higher prices.
๐Ÿ’กGreen Cardamom
Green cardamom, known as the 'queen of spices,' is a highly valued spice produced from the seeds of small oval-shaped pods. It has a unique citrusy and sweet flavor, and its production involves a careful harvesting process to ensure the pods are picked at the right time and not damaged. The spice is grown in select regions, with India's Idukki district being a significant producer. The price of green cardamom can vary significantly based on quality, size, and the specific growing conditions.
๐Ÿ’กCloves
Cloves are the unopened flower buds of the clove tree, prized for their unique flavor and medicinal properties. They are handpicked from tall trees, a process that is both labor-intensive and risky for the harvesters. The quality of cloves is determined by factors such as the presence of the crown, or round head, and their oil content, with higher-quality cloves commanding higher prices.
๐Ÿ’กJasmine Oil
Jasmine oil is a highly prized essential oil used in luxury perfumes for its sweet, fruity, and floral scent. It is derived from the blossoms of jasmine flowers, particularly jasmine grandiflorum and sambac, which are carefully harvested by hand. The process of extracting the oil is complex and involves the use of solvents and careful timing to capture the fragrance at its peak. The oil's value is largely determined by the cost of the flowers themselves.
๐Ÿ’กGhee
Ghee is a type of clarified butter that is a staple in South Asian cuisine, known for its nutty flavor and high smoke point, making it suitable for cooking at high temperatures. Bilona ghee, in particular, is a traditional method of making ghee by hand-churning using a wooden beater called a bilona. This process results in a more flavorful and longer-lasting ghee compared to factory-made versions, though it is also more expensive.
๐Ÿ’กClove Oil
Clove oil is a concentrated essence derived from cloves, which is primarily composed of the compound eugenol. This oil is not only valued for its distinct aroma but also for its medicinal properties, including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, pain-relieving, and antioxidant effects. The oil's production and market value are influenced by the quality and oil content of the cloves used, with higher-quality cloves yielding more valuable oil.
Highlights

The production of high-quality wooden chess sets for the World Chess Championship in Amritsar, India involves master artisans who hand-carve 32 chess pieces.

A single knight piece, the most detailed and challenging to carve, can take up to two hours to produce by a skilled artisan.

The value of a chess set is significantly influenced by the quality of its carved knights, which can represent up to 50% of the total cost of the chessmen.

Sandalwood's unique fragrance comes from its dark inner core, which is extracted after physically demanding work to remove the lighter outer layer of sapwood.

Indian sandalwood oil, known for its sweet, woodsy aroma that retains its scent for decades, is used in luxury-brand perfumes and has a growing market expected to reach over $165 million by 2027.

The labor-intensive process of harvesting water lily seeds, which involves wading through water and roasting the seeds in a series of heated woks, results in a high final cost for the popped seeds, known as fox nuts.

Muga silk, a luxurious fabric made from the cocoons of muga caterpillars, is at risk due to threats to the caterpillars' survival, which is tied to the climate crisis and other environmental factors.

Jasmine oil, used in luxury perfumes, requires the careful plucking of over 5,000 buds to produce just 1 kilogram of oil, highlighting the intricate and time-consuming process behind its high cost.

Saffron, one of the most expensive spices in the world, involves the delicate hand-picking of the Crocus sativus stigmas, with over 150 flowers needed to make just 1 gram of saffron.

Bilona ghee, made from the milk of South Asian cow breeds and hand-churned using a traditional wooden beater, can cost over three times as much as factory-made ghee.

Green cardamom, known as the 'queen of spices,' is labor-intensive to grow and harvest, with farmers needing to wait three years for the plants to mature and carefully time the harvest to avoid damage to the pods.

Cloves, harvested from trees in South India, involve risky work as harvesters climb tall trees to handpick the clove buds, making them one of the more expensive spices.

Patan patola saris, known for their intricate double-ikat design, involve a meticulous dyeing process where each thread is dyed a specific color before weaving, resulting in a final product that can cost over $8,000.

The demand for authentic muga silk has led to the Indian government designating it as a protected geographical indication (GI) product to combat the rise of fake muga.

India's Idukki district, a significant producer of green cardamom, faces challenges in supply due to unpredictable weather and the climate crisis, impacting the global cardamom market.

Patan patola saris, a status symbol worn by aristocrats and royalty, have gained renewed attention and seen increased demand, with Patola House employing over 250 people to meet it.

Transcripts
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