PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1 - Qualitative and Quantitative Research - EP.5 (Research Simplified)

Sir Enjay and Ma'am Maica's Corner
25 Apr 202107:28
EducationalLearning
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TLDRThis video from 'Research Simplified' with Mamika delves into the distinctions and parallels between qualitative and quantitative research methods. It outlines the differing objectives, with quantitative research aiming to prove or disprove hypotheses and qualitative research seeking to understand human experiences. The script explains the use of numerical data in quantitative research versus descriptive narratives in qualitative studies. It also covers sampling techniques, data gathering through surveys and interviews, and the analytical approaches, such as statistical tools for quantitative and thematic analysis for qualitative research. The video emphasizes that both methods aim to improve human lives through inquiry and investigation, and the choice between them depends on the researcher's comfort with numbers or narratives.

Takeaways
  • 🎯 The objective of quantitative research is to prove or disprove a hypothesis, while qualitative research aims to understand human behavior, experiences, and emotions.
  • πŸ“Š Quantitative research uses numbers and statistical tools to measure variables, whereas qualitative research relies on words, narrations, and stories to describe data.
  • πŸ”’ In quantitative research, large samples from the population are used, while qualitative research requires a limited number of participants, depending on the topic and research nature.
  • πŸ“ Data gathering in quantitative research involves standardized questionnaires with close-ended questions, while qualitative research uses open-ended questions through interviews and participant immersion.
  • πŸ“Š Data analysis in quantitative research employs statistical tools and computations, in contrast, qualitative research uses thematic analysis to categorize participant responses into themes.
  • πŸ“š Both quantitative and qualitative research involve inquiry, investigation, and potentially immersion to understand human situations and improve lives.
  • πŸ“ˆ Both research types use textual forms for data analysis and interpretation, and they both start and end with a problem to address.
  • πŸ”‘ The choice between quantitative and qualitative research depends on the writer's comfort with numbers or words and the nature of the research topic.
  • πŸ€” Neither research method is inherently easier or better; it depends on the specific goals and requirements of the study.
  • πŸ’‘ The script emphasizes that both quantitative and qualitative research aim to provide insights and improve understanding of human experiences and behaviors.
Q & A

  • What is the primary goal of quantitative research?

    -The primary goal of quantitative research is to either prove or disprove a certain hypothesis using statistical tools and numerical data.

  • What is the main objective of qualitative research?

    -The main objective of qualitative research is to understand human behavior, experiences, and emotions without necessarily testing a hypothesis.

  • How is data typically described in quantitative research?

    -In quantitative research, data is described using numbers, which are calculated and interpreted using statistical tools to measure variables.

  • What method is used to describe data in qualitative research?

    -Qualitative research uses words to describe data, including narrations, stories, experiences, perceptions, and viewpoints of the observed individuals.

  • What is the general approach to sampling in quantitative research?

    -Quantitative research generally uses a large sample from the population to ensure statistical significance.

  • How many participants are typically required in qualitative research?

    -Qualitative research requires a limited number of participants, which can range from just a few to a few dozen, depending on the topic and nature of the research.

  • What are some common methods used for data gathering in quantitative research?

    -Common methods for data gathering in quantitative research include surveys, questionnaires, and checklists, which involve tallying answers using numbers.

  • How does qualitative research typically gather data?

    -Qualitative research gathers data through open-ended interviews, participant immersion, and group discussions to understand the human mind and experiences.

  • What tools are used for data analysis in quantitative research?

    -Quantitative research uses statistical tools and instruments such as Pearson's correlation, Spearman's rank, and percentile deviation for data analysis.

  • How is data analyzed in qualitative research?

    -Qualitative research uses thematic analysis to categorize participant responses into themes or categories.

  • What term is used to describe the outcomes of quantitative research?

    -The outcomes of quantitative research are described as 'conclusions,' which answer the research questions set forth in the study.

  • How are the outcomes of qualitative research referred to?

    -The outcomes of qualitative research are referred to as 'new insights,' aiming to provide a deeper understanding of the human mind.

  • What similarities exist between quantitative and qualitative research?

    -Both quantitative and qualitative research involve inquiry, investigation, and potentially immersion. They both aim to improve human lives by understanding situations and finding solutions.

  • Which type of research is easier to write according to the video?

    -The ease of writing either quantitative or qualitative research depends on the writer's comfort with numbers or words and their preference for structured or open-ended approaches.

Outlines
00:00
πŸ” Understanding Qualitative and Quantitative Research

This paragraph introduces the topic of distinguishing between qualitative and quantitative research methods. The speaker, Mamika, from 'Research Simplified', outlines the aspects to be covered, including objective, data description, sample, data gathering, data analysis, and outcomes. The objective in quantitative research is to prove or disprove a hypothesis, while qualitative research aims to understand human behavior and experiences. Data description in quantitative research uses numbers and statistical tools, whereas qualitative research relies on words, narrations, and personal stories. Sampling is highlighted as different for each method, with quantitative research requiring larger samples and qualitative research needing fewer participants. The paragraph concludes by discussing data gathering techniques, emphasizing the structured and standardized nature of quantitative methods using surveys and questionnaires, and the open-ended, conversational approach of qualitative research through interviews and participant immersion.

05:00
πŸ“Š Comparing Data Analysis and Outcomes in Research Methods

The second paragraph delves into the data analysis and outcomes of both research methodologies. For quantitative research, statistical tools and computations are used to analyze data, with specific mention of tools like Pearson's and Spearman's correlation, and percentile deviation. In contrast, qualitative research employs thematic analysis to categorize participant responses into themes or categories. The outcomes are described differently for each method; quantitative research leads to conclusions that answer the research questions, while qualitative research aims to provide new insights into the human mind. The paragraph also highlights the similarities between the two approaches, such as the use of inquiry, investigation, and immersion, and their shared goal of improving human lives by understanding situations and seeking solutions. The speaker concludes by addressing the common question of which research method is easier, suggesting that it depends on the writer's comfort with numbers or words, and emphasizes that the choice of method should be based on the nature of the research topic.

Mindmap
Keywords
πŸ’‘qualitative research
Qualitative research is an approach that seeks to understand the underlying reasons, opinions, and motivations of individuals. It is characterized by its focus on exploring and describing human experiences in depth. In the video, it is contrasted with quantitative research, emphasizing the goal of understanding human behavior, emotions, and experiences without relying on hypotheses. The script mentions that qualitative research uses words and narratives to describe data, involves limited participants, and employs open-ended questions to gather data through interviews and immersion.
πŸ’‘quantitative research
Quantitative research is a method that involves numerical data and employs statistical tools to measure and analyze variables. The video script describes it as having a goal to prove or disprove a hypothesis through testing. It contrasts with qualitative research by using numbers, large samples, and structured, close-ended questions in surveys or questionnaires. The script illustrates this by explaining that quantitative research is about calculating percentages and tallying answers to封闭式 questions.
πŸ’‘hypothesis
A hypothesis is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon, made as a starting point for further investigation. In the context of the video, it is specifically associated with quantitative research where the objective is to test whether the hypothesis is supported or not. The script points out that in quantitative research, a researcher has a hypothesis in mind that they aim to prove or disprove through their study.
πŸ’‘data description
Data description refers to the way information about the research topic is presented. The video explains that in quantitative research, data is described using numbers and interpreted statistically, while in qualitative research, data is described using words, including narrations and stories of the participants. This distinction is crucial as it highlights the different approaches to understanding and communicating research findings.
πŸ’‘sampling
Sampling is the process of selecting a representative group from a larger population to participate in a study. The video script outlines that quantitative research typically uses a large sample size, while qualitative research requires a smaller, more limited number of participants. It also mentions various sampling methods such as random sampling, purposive sampling, and cluster sampling, which will be discussed in more detail in future videos.
πŸ’‘data gathering
Data gathering is the collection of information relevant to the research question. The script describes how quantitative research uses surveys and questionnaires to tally responses, emphasizing a standardized approach with closed-ended questions. In contrast, qualitative research gathers data through open-ended interviews, participant immersion, and group discussions, aiming to understand the human mind and elicit personal stories and experiences.
πŸ’‘data analysis
Data analysis is the process of examining and interpreting the collected data to draw conclusions or insights. The video explains that quantitative research uses statistical tools and formulas like Pearson's or Spearman's correlation and percentile deviation for analysis. On the other hand, qualitative research involves thematic analysis, where responses are categorized into themes or categories to understand patterns and meanings.
πŸ’‘outcomes
Outcomes refer to the results or findings of a research study. The script distinguishes between the outcomes of quantitative and qualitative research, stating that quantitative research leads to conclusions that answer predefined questions, while qualitative research aims to generate new insights that enhance the understanding of human experiences and emotions.
πŸ’‘conclusions
In the context of the video, conclusions are the definitive answers or findings derived from quantitative research. They represent the resolution of the research questions that were set forth at the beginning of the study. The script contrasts this with the term 'new insights' used in qualitative research, indicating a different approach to summarizing research findings.
πŸ’‘new insights
New insights refer to the fresh understanding or perspectives gained from qualitative research. The video script suggests that these insights are hoped to cultivate a higher validity of understanding the human mind. This term is used to describe the unique contributions of qualitative research, which may not be as focused on definitive answers as quantitative research.
Highlights

The objective of quantitative research is to prove or disprove a hypothesis, while qualitative research aims to understand human behavior, experiences, and emotions.

Quantitative research uses numbers and statistical tools for data interpretation, whereas qualitative research relies on words, narrations, and stories.

In quantitative research, a large sample from the population is used, in contrast to qualitative research, which requires a limited number of participants.

Quantitative research employs survey questionnaires or checklists with standardized, close-ended questions, while qualitative research uses open-ended questions through interviews and discussions.

Data gathering in quantitative research is about tallying answers and calculating percentages, focusing on the majority, whereas qualitative research seeks to understand individual stories and experiences.

Qualitative research may involve immersion, where researchers participate in the lives or work of participants to gain a deeper understanding.

Quantitative data analysis uses statistical tools and formulas, such as Pearson's and Spearman's correlation, while qualitative analysis involves thematic analysis to categorize participant responses.

Quantitative research outcomes are presented as conclusions answering the research questions, while qualitative research outcomes are new insights aiming to enhance the understanding of the human mind.

Both quantitative and qualitative research apply inquiry, investigation, and immersion to improve human lives by understanding situations and finding solutions.

Both research methods use textual forms for data analysis and interpretation.

Quantitative and qualitative research both start and end with a problem that they aim to address or understand.

The choice between quantitative and qualitative research depends on the writer's comfort with numbers or words and the nature of the research topic.

The video discusses various sampling methods such as random sampling, fishbowl method, purposive sampling, and cluster sampling, with further details to be provided in future videos.

Thematic analysis in qualitative research involves finding themes or categories from participant answers to understand their perspectives better.

Building trust and the right atmosphere is crucial in qualitative research for participants to feel comfortable sharing their experiences.

The video emphasizes that neither quantitative nor qualitative research is inherently better; it depends on the nature of the research topic and the researcher's approach.

Transcripts

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Research MethodsQualitativeQuantitativeData AnalysisSampling TechniquesBehavior StudyHuman ExperienceStatistical ToolsThematic InsightsResearch Objectives