Quantitative Research vs Qualitative Research (Practical Research 2)

PHILO-notes
4 Dec 202004:07
EducationalLearning
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TLDRThis video script offers a concise comparison between quantitative and qualitative research methods. Quantitative research is characterized by systematic investigation of observable phenomena through quantifiable data, employing statistical techniques to develop theories and models. It is crucial for obtaining descriptive data that aids in making objective business decisions, often using sampling methods and questionnaires. In contrast, qualitative research focuses on non-numerical data to gain an in-depth understanding of social phenomena within their natural context. It relies on people's words as primary data sources, requiring qualitative analysis rather than statistical methods. Commonly used in the humanities and social sciences, it aims to explore complex issues and generate new research ideas, providing insights into how people experience phenomena.

Takeaways
  • 📊 **Quantitative Research Definition**: Refers to systematic, empirical investigation of observable phenomena through quantifiable data and statistical techniques.
  • 🔢 **Central to Quantitative Research**: Measurement is key, as it connects empirical observations to mathematical expressions.
  • 📈 **Objective of Quantitative Research**: To provide descriptive data that leads to an objective and valid understanding of a phenomenon.
  • 💼 **Applications of Quantitative Data**: Useful for business decisions, providing information on demographics, market size, and consumer preferences.
  • 🔍 **Sampling Method in Quantitative Research**: Data is collected from a sample to make inferences about a larger population, often through questionnaires, polls, and surveys.
  • 📝 **Qualitative Research Definition**: Involves collecting and analyzing non-numerical data to understand concepts, opinions, or experiences.
  • 🌿 **Naturalistic Inquiry**: Qualitative research seeks in-depth understanding of social phenomena within their natural setting.
  • 🗣️ **Primary Data Source**: People's words are the main data source in qualitative research, requiring qualitative analysis.
  • 🧐 **Qualitative Research Methods**: Refer to the different methods of collecting and analyzing qualitative data, not a single method.
  • 📚 **Common Fields for Qualitative Research**: Often used in the humanities and social sciences to explore complex topics and understand experiences.
  • 🔬 **Contrast with Quantitative Research**: While quantitative focuses on numbers, qualitative focuses on depth and context of human experiences and behaviors.
Q & A

  • What is the primary focus of quantitative research?

    -Quantitative research focuses on the systematic, empirical investigation of observable phenomena by gathering quantifiable data and performing computational, mathematical, and statistical techniques.

  • How does measurement play a role in quantitative research?

    -Measurement is central to quantitative research as it provides a necessary and fundamental connection between empirical observation and mathematical expressions, allowing for the development of theories and hypotheses.

  • What kind of data does quantitative research typically provide?

    -Quantitative research provides data that are descriptive, which help researchers arrive at an objective and valid understanding of a phenomenon under investigation.

  • How is data usually collected in quantitative research?

    -Data in quantitative research is usually collected through questionnaires, online polls, and online surveys using a sampling method.

  • What is the main objective of qualitative research?

    -Qualitative research aims to understand concepts, opinions, or experiences by collecting and analyzing non-numerical data to gain an in-depth understanding of social phenomena within a particular natural setting.

  • How does qualitative research differ from quantitative research in terms of data analysis?

    -Qualitative research relies mainly on people's words as the primary data source, requiring qualitative analysis and not sophisticated statistical treatment.

  • In which fields is qualitative research commonly employed?

    -Qualitative research is commonly employed in the humanities and social sciences, including subjects like philosophy, history, education, sociology, anthropology, and literature.

  • What are the typical goals of qualitative research?

    -Qualitative research aims to gather in-depth insights into a problem, generate new ideas for further research, and explore complex topics and issues or understand how people experience a particular phenomenon.

  • Why is it important to understand the differences between quantitative and qualitative research?

    -Understanding the differences is important because it allows researchers to choose the most appropriate method for their study, ensuring accurate and meaningful results based on the research question and objectives.

  • How does the use of sampling in quantitative research help in making inferences about a larger population?

    -Sampling in quantitative research allows researchers to examine a part of the population (the sample) to make inferences about the larger population, assuming the sample is representative.

  • What are some examples of valuable information that quantitative data can provide for business decisions?

    -Quantitative data such as demographics, market size, and consumer preferences can provide valuable information for making important business decisions.

  • How does qualitative research contribute to the understanding of a particular phenomenon?

    -Qualitative research contributes to the understanding of a phenomenon by exploring it in-depth, capturing the perspectives and experiences of individuals, and providing insights that may not be apparent through numerical data alone.

  • What is the role of naturalistic inquiry in qualitative research?

    -Naturalistic inquiry in qualitative research is a process that seeks to understand social phenomena within their natural context, without manipulating or controlling the environment, to gain a deeper understanding of the subject.

Outlines
00:00
📊 Quantitative Research Overview

This paragraph introduces the fundamental aspects of quantitative research, emphasizing its systematic and empirical nature. It involves the collection of quantifiable data through computational, mathematical, and statistical techniques. Quantitative research is pivotal for developing theories, mathematical models, and hypotheses related to a specific phenomenon. Measurement plays a central role, as it bridges empirical observations with mathematical expressions. The paragraph also highlights the importance of quantitative research in providing descriptive data that helps researchers achieve an objective understanding of a phenomenon. It mentions the use of sampling methods and questionnaires for data collection and its application in business decisions.

🔍 Qualitative Research Insights

The second paragraph delves into qualitative research, contrasting it with quantitative research. It is characterized by the collection and analysis of non-numerical data to gain a deep understanding of concepts, opinions, or experiences. The University of Utah defines it as a naturalistic inquiry process seeking in-depth understanding of social phenomena within their natural setting. Unlike quantitative research, qualitative research relies on people's words as primary data, requiring qualitative analysis without the need for complex statistical treatment. It is commonly used in the humanities and social sciences to explore complex issues, understand experiences, and generate new research ideas.

Mindmap
Keywords
💡Quantitative Research
Quantitative research refers to a systematic and empirical investigation of observable phenomena through the collection of quantifiable data. It involves using computational, mathematical, and statistical techniques to develop theories and models. In the video, it is highlighted as a method that provides data which are descriptive and help researchers to reach an objective understanding of a phenomenon. An example given is the use of quantitative data like demographics for business decisions.
💡Qualitative Research
Qualitative research involves the collection and analysis of non-numerical data to understand concepts, opinions, or experiences. It is a naturalistic inquiry process seeking in-depth understanding of social phenomena within a natural setting. Unlike quantitative research, it relies on people's words as primary data and does not require sophisticated statistical analysis. The video mentions that qualitative research is used in the humanities and social sciences to explore complex topics and understand experiences.
💡Sampling Method
A sampling method is a technique used in quantitative research to make inferences about a larger population by examining a part or parts of it. The script explains that data collection from a sample is usually done through questionnaires, online polls, and surveys. This method is crucial for quantitative research as it allows for the generalization of findings from a sample to a broader population.
💡Measurement
Measurement in the context of quantitative research is the process of assigning numbers to empirical objects or events. It is central to quantitative research because it provides a fundamental connection between empirical observation and mathematical expressions. The video emphasizes its importance in developing a valid and objective understanding of the phenomena under investigation.
💡Mathematical Models
Mathematical models are used in quantitative research to represent theoretical concepts using mathematical language. They are tools that help researchers to understand complex phenomena and make predictions. The video script mentions that scholars employ quantitative research methods to develop these models, which pertain to a particular phenomenon under investigation.
💡Hypotheses
Hypotheses are proposed explanations or predictions in quantitative research that can be tested through empirical methods. They are central to the scientific method and are used to guide research and interpret results. The video does not provide a direct example but implies that hypotheses are developed using quantitative research methods.
💡Non-numerical Data
Non-numerical data, as mentioned in the context of qualitative research, includes information that is not expressed in numerical form. This can consist of text, observations, or other forms of qualitative information that are analyzed to understand social phenomena. The video emphasizes that qualitative research focuses on non-numerical data to gain in-depth insights.
💡Naturalistic Inquiry
Naturalistic inquiry is a research approach used in qualitative research that seeks to understand phenomena in their natural setting without manipulation. The video describes qualitative research as a process of naturalistic inquiry aiming for an in-depth understanding of social phenomena, which is distinct from the controlled conditions often associated with quantitative research.
💡In-depth Insights
In-depth insights refer to the profound understanding or knowledge gained from qualitative research. The video explains that qualitative research is used to generate new ideas for further research and to explore complex issues, with the goal of obtaining these deep insights into a problem or phenomenon.
💡Humanities and Social Sciences
The humanities and social sciences are academic disciplines that focus on the study of human culture and society. The video script notes that qualitative research is commonly employed in these fields to understand concepts and experiences. It is particularly useful for generating new ideas and exploring complex issues.
💡Concepts, Opinions, Experiences
These terms represent the types of information that qualitative research aims to collect and analyze. Concepts refer to abstract ideas, opinions are individuals' beliefs or views, and experiences are the events that someone has lived through. The video emphasizes that qualitative research focuses on understanding these aspects of human life, which are often best captured through non-numerical data.
Highlights

Quantitative research is a systematic empirical investigation of observable phenomena through quantifiable data.

Quantitative research uses computational, mathematical, and statistical techniques to develop theories, models, and hypotheses.

Measurement is central to quantitative research as it provides a connection between empirical observation and mathematical expressions.

Quantitative research provides descriptive data aiding in an objective and valid understanding of phenomena.

Quantitative data such as demographics and consumer preferences are valuable for business decisions.

Quantitative research uses a sampling method to make inferences about a larger population.

Data collection in quantitative research is often done through questionnaires, online polls, and surveys.

Qualitative research involves collecting and analyzing non-numerical data to understand concepts, opinions, or experiences.

Qualitative research is a naturalistic inquiry seeking in-depth understanding of social phenomena within a natural setting.

Qualitative research relies mainly on people's words as the primary data source.

Qualitative analysis does not require sophisticated statistical treatment.

Qualitative research is commonly used in the humanities and social sciences to gather in-depth insights.

This type of research is used to explore complex topics, issues, and understand how people experience a phenomenon.

Quantitative and qualitative research methods are distinct, with qualitative focusing on words and experiences rather than numbers.

For detailed methods of gathering data, refer to other video lectures on the topic.

Quantitative research is important for providing data that helps in making informed business decisions.

Qualitative research aims to generate new ideas for further research and explore complex social issues.

The video provides a brief overview of the main differences between quantitative and qualitative research.

Both research types have specific methods for data gathering, with quantitative using sampling and qualitative using naturalistic inquiry.

Transcripts

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