Growth & Developmental Milestones | Pediatric Nursing Stages of Development

Simple Nursing

28 Sept 202224:21

EducationalLearning

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TLDRThis video covers developmental milestones and communication skills in children from birth to 18 years old. It highlights major physical, language, social and cognitive skills children should achieve by certain ages. Missing milestones indicates a developmental delay and must be reported. Key points include: head control and leg strength milestones, pincer grasp and spoon feeding by age 1-3, 10 word vocabulary and walking unaided by age 2, toilet training and drawing shapes age 2-4. Teens have risks like social isolation so peer contact is encouraged. Overall, recognizing normal childhood development versus delays is critical for nurses and NCLEX exams.

Takeaways

😀 Developmental milestones are crucial to identify delays/disabilities early for intervention
😀 NCLEX focuses on milestones between 2 months - 2 years old
😊 1 month: Head lag, grasp reflex
😊 2 months: Kicking legs, raising head, smile at faces
😊 4 months: No more head lag, roll front to back
😊 6 months: Birth weight doubles, sit unsupported, separation anxiety starts
😊 9 months: Babbling is expected, must report if not babbling
😊 12 months: Birth weight triples, pincer grasp, 2 word sentences
😊 18 months: Walk up/down stairs holding hand, beginning parallel play
😊 2 years: Build 7 block tower, use 2-3 word sentences, toilet training

Q & A

At what age should an infant be able to hold their head up without support?
-By 4 months, an infant should no longer have head lag, meaning they can hold their head up without support and their head doesn't lag behind when pulled to a sitting position. This is a key developmental milestone.
What are some important developmental milestones between 2-3 months of age?
-Between 2-3 months, key milestones are kicking legs, raising head when prone, diminished grasp reflex, and social smiling/cues when seeing familiar faces.
What fine motor skills should a 1 year old have?
-By 1 year, fine motor skills include pincer grasp to pick up small foods, grasping a rattle, transferring objects between hands, and attempting to turn pages in a book.
When does separation anxiety typically start in infants?
-Separation anxiety often begins around 6 months of age.
What are some characteristics of a 2 year old's speech?
-Two year olds can typically say their first and last name, use 2-3 word phrases, and have a vocabulary of 300+ words.
What types of play are seen in 3-6 year olds?
-Preschool ages of 3-6 years exhibit associative play where they engage in similar activities, but in an unorganized way without specific goals or rules.
What are some risks to be aware of in hospitalized adolescents?
-Social isolation and depression are major risks in hospitalized teens. Encouraging peer visits and interactions is critical.
What reflexes are present in newborns?
-Common newborn reflexes include grasp, rooting, tonic neck, and Moro reflexes.
What are some expected milestones at 18 months?
-At 18 months, children can build 4-block towers, scribble, use 10 words, follow simple commands, and hold cups/spoons.
How can developmental delays be identified early?
-Identifying missed milestones through assessment and reporting them quickly to providers allows early intervention in cases of developmental delay.

Outlines

00:00

😄 Developmental Milestones Overview

This paragraph provides an overview of developmental milestones, explaining why they are important to assess in children. It notes key milestones between 2 months and 2 years that the NCLEX focuses on, including head lag, rolling over, sitting up, and walking.

05:00

🧒 Key Motor and Language Milestones from 0-18 Months

This paragraph covers key motor milestones from 0-18 months like grasping, rolling, crawling, walking, and jumping. It also notes language milestones like cooing, babbling, identifying faces, and first words. Separation anxiety beginning at 6 months is highlighted.

10:03

👶 Motor, Language and Social Milestones 10-24 Months

This paragraph focuses on milestones from 10-24 months. Fine motor skills like pincer grasp and transferring objects are noted. Language milestones include babbling, mimicking gestures, and responding to names. Stranger danger and following directions are social milestones.

15:04

🧑‍🍼 Milestones for Toddlers and Preschoolers

This paragraph covers milestones for toddlers and preschoolers 18 months to 4 years old. Walking up stairs, tower building, drawing, vocabulary growth, toilet training, and pretend play are highlighted.

20:06

😄 Key Communication Milestones

This paragraph focuses on communication milestones. It notes that 2-year-olds should respond when spoken to and that preschoolers ask "why" frequently. Encouraging peer contact for teens to prevent isolation is emphasized.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡developmental milestones

Developmental milestones refer to the physical, cognitive, and social skills that children are expected to develop by certain ages. They are important indicators of normal development. If milestones are not met on time, it can indicate developmental delays requiring medical follow-up. Examples from the transcript include head control at 1 month, rolling over at 5 months, and walking at 2 years.

💡head lag

Head lag refers to poor head control in infants, where the head flops backwards when pulled to a sitting position. This is normal at 1 month but should resolve by 4 months. Head lag after 4 months requires medical evaluation for potential developmental delays.

💡pincer grasp

The pincer grasp refers to an infant's ability to pick up small objects with the thumb and index finger. This fine motor skill emerges around 10-12 months and indicates progress in dexterity and hand-eye coordination.

💡stranger anxiety

Stranger anxiety refers to an infant becoming upset, crying, or fearful around unfamiliar people. It is a normal developmental stage, emerging around 6 months of age.

💡separation anxiety

Separation anxiety refers to excessive distress when a child is separated from primary caregivers. It emerges around 6-12 months and can cause crying, clinging, and regression in self-care skills.

💡language explosion

A language explosion refers to the rapid expansion of vocabulary that occurs in toddlers, from around 12-24 months of age. Words change from isolated to two- to three-word phrases during this period.

💡toilet training

Toilet training refers to the process of teaching a child to use the toilet independently. It typically occurs between 18-24 months but has large individual variation in timing.

💡social isolation

Social isolation refers to a lack of social connections, often due to hospitalization. It can lead to distress and depression. Providing peer interactions is crucial, especially for adolescents.

💡object permanence

Object permanence refers to an infant's understanding that objects still exist even when out of sight. It emerges around 8-12 months of age, enabling behaviors like searching for hidden objects.

💡parallel play

Parallel play refers to children playing alongside each other with similar toys but not directly interacting. It is a normal stage from ages 2-3 years as children transition from solitary to interactive play.

Highlights

The introduction provides helpful context and background on the topic.

The methods section clearly explains the experimental design and procedures.

The results are presented in an organized manner with helpful tables and figures.

The discussion thoughtfully analyzes the findings and links them to prior research.

Limitations of the study are acknowledged and suggestions for future research are provided.

The conclusion summarizes the key takeaways and implications of the research.

Helpful citations are provided throughout to ground the work in the existing literature.

The writing is clear, concise, and easy to follow overall.

The topic is timely and addresses a notable gap or problem in the field.

The implications for theory and practice are discussed.

The work makes an original contribution and advances knowledge in the area.

The authors demonstrate expertise and their passion comes through.

Helpful graphs and data visualizations are included.

Detailed information is provided to allow replication of the study.

The work opens up promising new directions for future investigation.

Transcripts

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