Occlusion Part 1
TLDRIn this informative video, Ryan delves into the intricacies of occlusion, a concept often misunderstood as simply the contact between teeth. He explains that occlusion is the dynamic interplay between the teeth and the mandible during functional movement. The video highlights the role of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and the muscles of mastication in allowing the mandible's movement, contrasting the stationary maxilla. Ryan introduces the concept of Centric relation, the most relaxed position of the TMJ, and distinguishes it from maximum intercuspation, the point where all teeth are in contact. He also touches on the physiological resting position of the jaw, known as the freeway space, and the chewing loop, the natural range of motion for everyday activities like eating and speaking. The video promises a follow-up to explore more complex aspects of occlusion, making it a must-watch for anyone interested in dental anatomy and function.
Takeaways
- 🦷 Occlusion is the dynamic relationship between teeth as the mandible moves, not just a simple contact between teeth.
- 💡 The maxilla and its teeth are stationary, while the mandible can move due to the muscles of mastication and the temporomandibular joint (TMJ).
- 📐 The lateral pterygoid muscle is key for initiating the opening of the mandible, and the TMJ is composed of the articular condyle, disc, and glenoid fossa.
- 🔍 The range of motion of the mandible is depicted in a diagram that shows the natural open position and the different movements like centric relation and maximum opening.
- 📍 Centric relation is the position where the TMJ is most relaxed, with the mandible being as retruded as possible.
- 🔄 The joint motion includes both hinge (rotational) and sliding (translational) movements, as seen in the diagram's components.
- 🦴 Maximum intercuspation is when all teeth are in contact as firmly and closely as possible, which is different from the relaxed resting position of the jaw.
- 📉 The freeway space is the natural gap between the maximum intercuspation and the resting position of the mandible.
- 🏋️♂️ The chewing loop represents the most natural motion of the mandible for everyday activities like eating and speaking.
- 👅 The first point of tooth contact when the mandible is fully retruded is often the oblique ridge of the first maxillary molar or the mesial cusp of the first maxillary premolar.
- ⏸ The resting position of the jaw is slightly protruded from the centric relation, which is a natural and common state when the body is at physiological rest.
Q & A
What is the primary definition of occlusion in the context of dentistry?
-Occlusion refers to the dynamic relationship between the teeth as the mandible goes through its functional movement.
Why do the maxillary teeth not undergo any motion?
-The maxillary teeth do not move because they are fixed to the skull.
What is the role of the muscles of mastication and the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in the movement of the mandible?
-The muscles of mastication and the TMJ allow the mandible to move through functional movement.
Which muscle is responsible for initiating the opening of the mandible?
-The lateral pterygoid muscle is responsible for initiating the opening of the mandible.
What are the components of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ)?
-The components of the TMJ include the articular condyle of the mandible, the lower synovial cavity, the dense connective articular disc, the upper synovial cavity, and the mandibular or glenoid fossa at the base of the skull.
What is the term for the range from point A to B in the diagram, which represents the natural open position of the mouth?
-The range from point A to B is referred to as Centric relation.
What does the term 'Centric relation' describe?
-Centric relation describes the relationship between the temporomandibular joint and the condyle when the joint is in a relaxed, at-home position, being as superior and anterior as it can be.
What is the difference between the hinging motion and sliding motion of the TMJ joint?
-The hinging motion refers to the simple rotational movement of the joint in the lower synovial cavity, while the sliding motion refers to the translational movement within the upper synovial cavity.
What is the term used to describe when the mandible is most protruded?
-When the mandible is most protruded, this point is referred to as maximum protrusion.
What is the term for the position when the mandible is fully retruded and the teeth touch for the first time?
-This position is referred to as the first point of contact and is part of the Centric relation.
What is the term for the point where all the teeth are touching as firmly and closely as possible?
-This point is called maximum intercuspation.
What is the term for the natural resting position of the mandible, slightly protruded from the Centric relation?
-This position is known as the resting position.
What is the term for the space between maximum intercuspation and the resting position of the mandible?
-This space is called the freeway space.
What is the 'Chewing Loop' and where does it occur in the mandible's range of motion?
-The Chewing Loop refers to the natural motion of the mandible that is most used for activities like chewing and talking, typically staying within the region between maximum opening and maximum protrusion.
Outlines
🦷 Understanding Occlusion Dynamics
Ryan introduces the concept of occlusion, explaining it as the dynamic relationship between teeth during the mandible's functional movements. He clarifies that the maxilla and its teeth remain stationary, while the mandible moves due to the muscles of mastication and the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). The lateral pterygoid muscle is highlighted for its role in initiating mandibular opening. The TMJ's components, including the articular condyle (the 'ball' of the joint), the synovial cavities, the articular disc, and the glenoid fossa, are described. Ryan also discusses the concept of Centric Relation, which is the most superior and anterior position of the TMJ where the mandible can be without any tooth contact, and how it differs from maximum intercuspation, which involves tooth contact.
🔄 Mandibular Movements and TMJ Function
Ryan continues the discussion on occlusion by describing the various movements of the mandible and their relation to the TMJ. He explains the difference between Centric Relation, which involves a hinging motion of the joint, and extended opening, which involves a sliding motion, referred to as 'gingo' or 'rodial.' The video script also touches on the concepts of maximum opening and maximum protrusion of the mandible. The process of how the teeth first touch in Centric Relation and then slide into maximum intercuspation, known as the 'Slide InCentric,' is detailed. The resting position of the mandible, which is slightly protruded from Centric Relation, is also explained, along with the 'free freeway space' between maximum intercuspation and resting position. Finally, Ryan briefly mentions the 'chewing Loop,' which describes the natural range of mandibular motion used in everyday activities like chewing and talking.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Occlusion
💡Mandible
💡Maxilla
💡Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ)
💡Centric Relation
💡Hinging Motion
💡Translational Movement
💡Maximum Intercuspation
💡Articular Eminence
💡Freeway Space
Highlights
Occlusion is defined as the dynamic relationship between teeth during the mandible's functional movement.
The maxilla and maxillary teeth are fixed to the skull and do not move, while the mandible can move due to the muscles of mastication and the temporomandibular joint (TMJ).
The lateral pterygoid muscle is responsible for initiating the opening of the mandible.
The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) consists of the articular condyle of the mandible, the lower and upper synovial cavities, the articular disc, and the mandibular fossa at the base of the skull.
Centric relation is the position where the mandible is as far back or retruded as it can go, with the TMJ relaxed and at home.
The range from A to B in Basal's diagram is referred to as Centric relation, which is associated with the joint and condyle position.
Extended opening (from B to E in Basal's diagram) involves translational movement within the upper synovial cavity of the TMJ.
Centric relation involves simple rotational or hinge movement of the TMJ in the lower synovial cavity.
Maximum opening and maximum protrusion are two extreme positions of the mandible.
The first contact of the teeth when the mandible is fully retruded is called slide in Centric.
Maximum intercuspation is the point where all teeth are touching as firmly and closely as possible.
The space between maximum intercuspation and the resting position of the mandible is known as the freeway space.
The resting position of the mandible is slightly protruded from Centric relation and represents a natural physiological rest.
The chewing loop refers to the natural motion of the mandible during activities like chewing and talking, typically staying within a certain range of motion.
The video will have a part two discussing the frontal view of Basal's diagram and more intricate concepts of occlusion.
Transcripts
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