Lec-38 I Measurement of Viscocity I Applied chemistry I Chemical engineering
TLDRIn this informative video lecture, Sukruti Joshi from the Energy Institute of Engineering and Technology introduces an experiment series on applied chemistry, focusing on measuring the viscosity of liquids. The lecture explains the importance of viscosity in industrial applications and daily life, detailing the use of an Oswald's viscometer to assess the flow resistance of various samples like water, glycerin, and castor oil. The procedure involves timing the passage of liquid through marks on the viscometer to determine its thickness and resistance to flow, providing valuable insights into fluid behavior.
Takeaways
- 🧪 The video lecture is part of a series on Applied Chemistry, with the subject code 3130506.
- 🥼 The lecture focuses on Experiment 3, which aims to measure the viscosity of different liquid samples.
- 📏 Apparatus required for the experiment includes an Ostwald's viscometer, measuring cylinder, pipette, buret, and conical flask.
- ⏱️ A stopwatch is used to time how long it takes for the liquid to flow through the viscometer.
- 🌡️ The experiment involves three different sample liquids: water, glycerin, and castor oil, but other liquids like oils can also be used.
- 📈 Viscosity is defined as the measure of a fluid's resistance to flow, essentially its 'thickness'.
- 🔽 Viscosity increases with the strength of intermolecular bonds and interactions within the fluid.
- 🚫 Understanding viscosity is crucial in industrial applications, including the transport of fluids, development of paints, lubricants, foodstuffs, and pharmaceuticals.
- 📝 The procedure involves taking 20 ml of the sample and timing its flow through the viscometer to determine its viscosity.
- 📊 By observing the time taken for the liquid to flow, one can conclude which samples have higher or lower viscosity.
- 🔍 The experiment provides a method to differentiate between the viscosities of various liquid samples.
Q & A
What is the subject code for Applied Chemistry in the video lecture?
-The subject code for Applied Chemistry is 3130506.
What are the two experiments discussed in the video lecture?
-The two experiments discussed are measuring the conductivity of a solution using a conductive metal and measuring turbidity using naflometric turbidity unit (NTU).
What is the aim of experiment number three in the video lecture?
-The aim of experiment number three is to measure the viscosity of a sample liquid or a given sample.
List the apparatus required for measuring viscosity in a chemical laboratory as mentioned in the video.
-The required apparatus includes a measuring cylinder, stopwatch, sample liquids, Oswald's viscometer, pipette, buret, and conical flask.
What is the principle behind measuring viscosity?
-Viscosity is the measure of the resistance of a fluid which is being deformed by either a shear stress or a tensile stress. It is essentially the thickness of a liquid, and the resistance to flow increases as the thickness or viscosity increases.
How does the bond strength between molecules in a fluid affect its viscosity?
-The stronger the bond strength between molecules in a fluid, the thicker and more viscous it is. Strong bonds make it difficult for the molecules to move past each other, resulting in higher viscosity.
Why is understanding the viscous properties of liquids important in industry?
-Understanding the viscous properties of liquids is crucial for the transport of fluids, development and performance of products like paints, lubricants, foodstuffs, and pharmaceuticals. It affects the application and efficiency of these products.
What sample liquids were used to demonstrate the viscosity measurement in the video?
-The sample liquids used were water, glycerin, and castor oil. Other possible samples include cotton seed oil, sunflower oil, rice bran oil, canola oil, and olive oil.
How is the viscosity measurement performed using Oswald's viscometer?
-Viscosity is measured by taking 20 ml of the sample in Oswald's viscometer, timing how long it takes for the sample to pass from the first mark to the last mark, and noting the time taken for the fluid to move from one part to another.
What can be concluded from the time taken for a fluid to pass through Oswald's viscometer?
-The time taken for a fluid to pass through Oswald's viscometer indicates its viscosity. A higher time indicates a more viscous sample, while a lower time indicates a less viscous sample.
How does the video lecture relate the concept of viscosity to everyday examples?
-The video lecture uses everyday examples such as water, milk, oil, serum, honey, and chocolate syrup to illustrate the concept of viscosity. It explains how the thickness or resistance to flow of these liquids increases from water to chocolate syrup, correlating with their molecular bond strength.
Outlines
🧪 Introduction to Applied Chemistry Experiments
This paragraph introduces the video lecture series on Applied Chemistry, led by Sukruti Joshi from the Energy Institute of Engineering and Technology. The focus is on the subject code 3130506, and the continuation of previous experiments in applied chemistry. The lecture specifically delves into two distinct experiments: one measuring the conductivity of a solution using a conductive metal, and the other measuring turbidity in naflometric turbidity units (NTU). The session aims to start the third experiment, which involves measuring the viscosity of various liquid samples. The necessary apparatus for the experiment is listed, including different sample liquids, an Oswald's viscometer, and other chemical apparatuses commonly found in a laboratory setting.
📈 Understanding Viscosity and Its Measurement
This paragraph explains the concept of viscosity as the measure of a fluid's resistance to deformation by shear or tensile stress, often interpreted as the 'thickness' of a liquid. The lecture uses everyday examples such as water, milk, oil, serum, honey, and chocolate syrup to illustrate the varying levels of viscosity. It explains that the thickness of a liquid is directly related to the strength of the bonds between its molecules. The paragraph also emphasizes the industrial importance of understanding viscosity, as it is relevant to the transport of fluids and the performance of products like paints, lubricants, foodstuffs, and pharmaceuticals. The principle of viscosity is further clarified by describing how the fluid's layers moving at different velocities create shear stress, which opposes the applied force.
🥡 Procedure for Measuring Viscosity
The final paragraph outlines the procedure for measuring the viscosity of liquids using Oswald's viscometer. It details the steps of taking a 20 ml sample and timing how long it takes for the sample to pass through marked points in the viscometer. The paragraph describes the setup and operation of the viscometer, including the use of a stopwatch to record the time taken for the liquid to flow from one mark to another. An observation table is mentioned, where the time taken for different samples like glycerin, water, and castor oil to pass through the viscometer is recorded. The summary highlights how the time taken correlates with the viscosity of the samples, with higher viscosity liquids taking more time to flow through the viscometer.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Conductance
💡Turbidity
💡Viscosity
💡Oswald's Viscometer
💡Shear Stress
💡Tensile Stress
💡Fluid
💡Molecular Interactions
💡Industrial Applications
💡Research and Development
Highlights
Introduction to the video lecture series on Applied Chemistry by Sukruti Joshi from the Energy Institute of Engineering and Technology, Ahmedabad.
The Applied Chemistry subject code is 3130506.
Previous sessions focused on experiments in Applied Chemistry.
Experiment number three aims to measure the viscosity of a sample liquid or given sample.
Apparatus required for measuring viscosity includes a measuring cylinder, stopwatch, sample liquids, and Oswald's viscometer.
Sample liquids can vary and may include water, glycerin, castor oil, cotton seed oil, sunflower oil, rice bran oil, canola oil, or olive oil.
Viscosity is the measure of a fluid's resistance to deformation by shear or tensile stress.
Viscosity is related to the thickness of a liquid, with thicker liquids having higher viscosity.
The principle of viscosity is explained with examples of water, milk, oil, serum, honey, and chocolate syrup.
The bond strength between molecules in a fluid affects its thickness and viscosity.
Understanding the viscous properties of liquids is crucial in various industries, including transport, paint, lubricants, foodstuffs, and pharmaceuticals.
Procedure for measuring viscosity using Oswald's viscometer is described, including taking a 20 ml sample and timing its passage between marks.
Observation table is used to record the time taken for different sample liquids to pass through marks on the viscometer.
The time taken for a liquid to move from one mark to another is inversely proportional to its viscosity.
The experiment allows for the differentiation of samples based on their viscosity levels.
The session concludes with a summary and a teaser for the next session.
Transcripts
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