How To Convert Moles to Grams

The Organic Chemistry Tutor
9 Aug 201716:14
EducationalLearning
32 Likes 10 Comments

TLDRThis video script is an educational guide on converting moles to grams for various chemical substances. It covers the process of finding molar mass, using conversion factors, and performing calculations for elements like carbon, sulfur, and compounds such as CO2, glucose, ammonium nitrate, and aluminum sulfate. The script aims to help viewers understand and practice these conversions to improve their chemistry skills.

Takeaways
  • 📚 To calculate the mass of an element in grams from moles, identify the molar mass of the element from the periodic table.
  • 🧪 The molar mass of carbon is 12 grams per mole, which is used as a conversion factor to find the mass of carbon in grams from moles.
  • 🔍 For elements like sulfur, the molar mass is approximately 32.7 grams per mole, and it's used similarly to convert moles to grams.
  • 🧬 When dealing with molecules, such as CO2, calculate the molar mass by summing the atomic masses of all atoms in the molecule.
  • 📈 For molecules, the conversion from moles to grams involves multiplying the number of moles by the molar mass of the molecule.
  • 🍬 In the case of glucose (C6H12O6), calculate the molar mass by adding the atomic masses of all constituent atoms and then convert moles to grams.
  • 🧂 For ammonium nitrate, understand that it is composed of NH4+ and NO3- ions, and calculate its molar mass by adding the atomic masses of its constituent atoms.
  • ⚗️ The molar mass of ammonium nitrate is approximately 80.05 grams per mole, used for converting moles to grams or kilograms.
  • 📉 For aluminum sulfate, write the correct chemical formula considering the charges of aluminum and sulfate ions, then calculate the molar mass.
  • 📊 The molar mass of aluminum sulfate is approximately 342.17 grams per mole, which helps in converting moles to grams or milligrams.
  • 🔢 Unit conversion is crucial when calculating mass; for instance, converting grams to kilograms involves dividing by 1000, and to milligrams involves multiplying by 1000.
Q & A

  • What is the molar mass of carbon and how is it determined?

    -The molar mass of carbon is 12 grams per mole (g/mol). It is determined by looking at the periodic table, where carbon has an atomic number of 6 and a mass number of 12. The molar mass is the larger of the two numbers, which is the mass number in this case.

  • How many grams are there in 3.5 moles of carbon atoms?

    -To find the grams in 3.5 moles of carbon, multiply the number of moles by the molar mass of carbon. So, 3.5 moles * 12 g/mol = 42 grams of carbon.

  • What is the molar mass of sulfur and how do you calculate it?

    -The molar mass of sulfur is 32.7 grams per mole (g/mol). It is found by looking at the periodic table, where sulfur has an atomic number of 16 and an average mass number of 32.7, which is used as the molar mass.

  • How many grams are in 4.2 moles of sulfur?

    -To convert moles of sulfur to grams, multiply the moles by the molar mass: 4.2 moles * 32.7 g/mol = 134.64 grams of sulfur.

  • What is the molar mass of CO2 and how do you find it?

    -The molar mass of CO2 is 44.1 g/mol. It is calculated by adding the atomic masses of one carbon atom (12.01 g/mol) and two oxygen atoms (2 * 16 g/mol).

  • How many grams are present in 5.9 moles of CO2?

    -To find the grams in 5.9 moles of CO2, multiply the moles by the molar mass: 5.9 moles * 44.1 g/mol = 260.19 grams of CO2.

  • What is the molecular formula of glucose and how do you determine its molar mass?

    -The molecular formula of glucose is C6H12O6. The molar mass is determined by adding the atomic masses of six carbon atoms (6 * 12.01 g/mol), twelve hydrogen atoms (12 * 1.008 g/mol), and six oxygen atoms (6 * 16 g/mol), which equals approximately 180.16 g/mol.

  • How many grams of glucose can be found in a sample containing 4.5 moles of C6H12O6?

    -To find the mass of glucose, multiply the moles by the molar mass: 4.5 moles * 180.16 g/mol = 810.72 grams of glucose.

  • What is the chemical formula for ammonium nitrate and how do you calculate its molar mass?

    -The chemical formula for ammonium nitrate is NH4NO3. The molar mass is calculated by adding the atomic masses of nitrogen (2 * 14.01 g/mol), hydrogen (4 * 1.008 g/mol), and oxygen (3 * 16 g/mol), which equals approximately 80.05 g/mol.

  • How do you convert 2.7 moles of ammonium nitrate to kilograms?

    -First, multiply the moles by the molar mass: 2.7 moles * 80.05 g/mol. Then, convert grams to kilograms by dividing by 1000, resulting in 2.16 kilograms of ammonium nitrate.

  • What is the chemical formula for aluminum sulfate and how do you find its molar mass?

    -The chemical formula for aluminum sulfate is Al2(SO4)3. The molar mass is found by adding the atomic masses of two aluminum atoms (2 * 26.98 g/mol), three sulfur atoms (3 * 32.07 g/mol), and twelve oxygen atoms (12 * 16 g/mol), which equals approximately 342.17 g/mol.

  • How many milligrams are in a sample of 0.72 moles of aluminum sulfate?

    -First, multiply the moles by the molar mass: 0.72 moles * 342.17 g/mol. Then, convert grams to milligrams by multiplying by 1000, resulting in 246,360 milligrams of aluminum sulfate.

Outlines
00:00
🧪 Conversion of Moles to Grams for Carbon

The first paragraph explains the process of converting moles of carbon atoms to grams. It begins by identifying the molar mass of carbon as 12 grams per mole, based on its atomic mass. The example demonstrates the conversion using a given amount of 3.5 moles of carbon, which results in 42 grams of carbon by multiplying the molar mass by the number of moles. This step-by-step guide provides a clear understanding of the conversion process using molar mass as a conversion factor.

05:02
📚 Conversion of Moles to Grams for Sulfur and CO2

This paragraph covers the conversion of moles to grams for sulfur and carbon dioxide (CO2). It starts with finding the molar mass of sulfur, which is 32.7 grams per mole, and then uses this to convert 4.2 moles of sulfur into grams, resulting in 134.694 grams. The paragraph then moves on to CO2, explaining that the molar mass is calculated by adding the atomic masses of one carbon and two oxygen atoms, totaling 44.1 grams per mole. Using this, 5.9 moles of CO2 are converted into grams, yielding 260.619 grams of CO2.

10:04
🍬 Calculating Grams of Glucose and Ammonium Nitrate

The third paragraph delves into the calculation of the mass of glucose (C6H12O6) and ammonium nitrate. It begins by determining the molar mass of glucose, which is the sum of the atomic masses of its constituent atoms, resulting in 180.16 grams per mole. With this information, 4.5 moles of glucose are converted to grams, giving 810.02 grams. The paragraph then introduces ammonium nitrate, explaining the need to understand polyatomic ions and their charges to write the correct chemical formula. The molar mass of ammonium nitrate is calculated as 80.05 grams per mole, and 2.7 moles are converted to kilograms, resulting in 216 kilograms of ammonium nitrate.

15:05
🧩 Conversion of Moles to Milligrams for Aluminum Sulfate

The final paragraph focuses on converting moles of aluminum sulfate to milligrams. It starts by deriving the chemical formula of aluminum sulfate, considering the charges of aluminum and the sulfate ion. The molar mass of aluminum sulfate is calculated by summing the atomic masses of its constituent atoms, resulting in 342.17 grams per mole. The paragraph then demonstrates the conversion of 0.72 moles of aluminum sulfate to milligrams, which involves multiplying by the molar mass and then by 1000 to convert grams to milligrams, yielding 24,636 milligrams of aluminum sulfate.

Mindmap
Keywords
💡Molar Mass
Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a substance, typically measured in grams per mole (g/mol). It is calculated by adding the atomic masses of all the atoms in a molecule or formula unit of a compound. In the video, molar mass is used to convert between moles and grams of a substance, such as carbon, sulfur, and various compounds. For example, the molar mass of carbon is stated to be 12 g/mol, which is essential for determining the mass of 3.5 moles of carbon atoms.
💡Atomic Number
The atomic number of an element is a unique identifier that represents the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of that element. In the script, the atomic number is used in conjunction with the mass number to find the molar mass of elements like carbon and sulfur. For instance, carbon has an atomic number of 6, which helps in identifying it on the periodic table and finding its molar mass.
💡Conversion Factor
A conversion factor is a value that is used to convert from one unit to another. In the context of the video, the molar mass of a substance serves as a conversion factor to transform moles into grams or vice versa. The script demonstrates this by showing how the molar mass of carbon dioxide (44.1 g/mol) can be used to calculate the mass of 5.9 moles of CO2.
💡Mole
A mole is a unit of measurement used in chemistry to express amounts of a chemical substance. It represents the number of particles (atoms, molecules, ions, etc.) in a substance that is equal to the number of atoms in 12 grams of carbon-12. The video uses moles as the basis for calculations involving the mass of different chemical substances, such as 3.5 moles of carbon and 4.2 moles of sulfur.
💡Grams (g)
Grams is a unit of mass in the metric system, commonly used in chemistry to express the mass of substances. In the video, grams are the target unit for converting moles of various substances to a measurable mass. For example, the script describes how to convert 4.2 moles of sulfur into grams by multiplying the moles by the molar mass of sulfur.
💡Periodic Table
The periodic table is a tabular arrangement of the chemical elements, ordered by their atomic number, electron configuration, and recurring chemical properties. It is referenced in the video to identify the atomic and molar masses of elements like carbon, sulfur, and others, which are necessary for the calculations of mass from moles.
💡Polyatomic Ions
Polyatomic ions are groups of atoms that are covalently bonded together and have an overall charge. They act as a single entity in chemical reactions. In the script, polyatomic ions such as ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3-) are used to determine the chemical formula and molar mass of compounds like ammonium nitrate.
💡Chemical Formula
A chemical formula represents a substance's composition, indicating the elements present and their respective quantities in the form of atoms, molecules, or ions. The video script uses chemical formulas to calculate molar masses and convert moles to grams for compounds like glucose (C6H12O6) and ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3).
💡Molecular Mass
Molecular mass is the mass of a molecule, calculated by adding the atomic masses of all the atoms in the molecule. It is used in the video to determine the molar mass of compounds that consist of more than one element, such as CO2, where the molecular mass is calculated by adding the atomic masses of carbon and oxygen.
💡Kilograms (kg)
Kilograms is a unit of mass in the metric system, equal to 1,000 grams. In the script, the mass of a sample of ammonium nitrate is converted from grams to kilograms to express the mass in a larger unit, as part of the calculation process.
💡Milligrams (mg)
Milligrams is a unit of mass in the metric system, equal to one-thousandth of a gram. The video script includes a calculation where the mass of aluminum sulfate is converted from grams to milligrams, demonstrating the use of this smaller unit for expressing mass.
Highlights

How to calculate the number of grams in moles of carbon atoms by identifying the molar mass of carbon and using it as a conversion factor.

Carbon has a molar mass of 12 grams per mole, allowing conversion from moles to grams.

3.5 moles of carbon atoms equal 42 grams, demonstrating the molar mass conversion process.

Method to convert moles of sulfur into grams using the molar mass of sulfur, which is 32.7 grams per mole.

4.2 moles of sulfur convert to 134.694 grams, illustrating the molar mass conversion for another element.

Approach to calculate the mass of CO2 given in moles by finding the molar mass of the CO2 molecule.

Molar mass of CO2 is 44.1 grams per mole, combining the atomic masses of carbon and oxygen.

5.9 moles of CO2 convert to 29.659 grams, showcasing the conversion for a compound.

Determining the molar mass of glucose (C6H12O6) by adding the atomic masses of its constituent elements.

4.5 moles of glucose result in 810.02 grams, applying the molar mass conversion for a complex molecule.

Calculating the molar mass of ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) from its constituent elements' atomic masses.

2.7 moles of ammonium nitrate convert to 216 kilograms, demonstrating mass conversion for ionic compounds.

Finding the chemical formula for aluminum sulfate (Al2(SO4)3) by considering the charges of aluminum and sulfate ions.

Molar mass of aluminum sulfate is 342.17 grams per mole, calculated from its chemical formula.

7.2 moles of aluminum sulfate convert to 24,636 milligrams, showing conversion to a smaller mass unit.

The importance of understanding the periodic table, atomic masses, and molar mass calculations for converting between moles and grams.

Transcripts

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Mole ConversionChemistry BasicsMolar MassGram CalculationCarbon AtomsSulfur MolesCO2 ExampleGlucose MoleculeAmmonium NitrateAluminum Sulfate