Naming Acids | How to Pass Chemistry

Melissa Maribel
3 Oct 201704:24
EducationalLearning
32 Likes 10 Comments

TLDRIn this educational video, Melissa Maribel teaches students the art of naming acids in chemistry. She explains the distinction between acids with and without oxygen, using prefixes such as 'hydro' to indicate the absence of oxygen. The video covers the naming conventions for acids like hydroiodic, hydrofluoric, nitrous, nitric, phosphorous, and phosphoric, incorporating mnemonics like 'I ATE organIC apples despITE being poisonOUS' to aid memorization. Maribel also offers live tutoring for further assistance and encourages viewers to subscribe for chemistry success.

Takeaways
  • 📚 Melissa Maribel is a tutor who helps students understand chemistry concepts to reduce stress and graduate faster.
  • 🔍 All acids start with 'H' or 'hydrogen', indicating the presence of hydrogen.
  • 🍎 Acids are categorized into two types: those with oxygen and those without oxygen.
  • 🚫 Acids without oxygen begin with the prefix 'Hydro', signaling the absence of oxygen.
  • 🌿 The root name of the element in these acids ends with 'ic', followed by 'acid'.
  • 🌟 An example of an acid without oxygen is hydroiodic acid (HI), where 'hydro' indicates no oxygen and 'iod' is the element.
  • 🍂 For acids with oxygen, there is no prefix, and the root name of the element ends with 'ous' or 'ic'.
  • 🔬 'Ous' is associated with 'ite' and 'ic' with 'ate', indicating the presence of oxygen in the acid.
  • 🧪 Nitrous acid (HNO2) is an example of an acid with oxygen where 'ous' is used, while nitric acid (HNO3) uses 'ic'.
  • 📝 When given a chemical formula, identify the presence of oxygen to determine the prefix and root name of the acid.
  • 📚 Special cases like phosphorous acid (H3PO3) and phosphoric acid (H3PO4) require memorization of the added 'r' in their names.
  • 🎯 A mnemonic to remember the naming of acids with oxygen is 'I ATE organIC apples despITE being poisonOUS'.
Q & A

  • What is the purpose of Melissa Maribel's channel?

    -Melissa Maribel's channel helps students understand what they've learned in class, with a focus on reducing stress and helping them graduate faster, particularly in Chemistry.

  • How do you identify an acid according to the script?

    -An acid can be identified by the presence of 'H' in front or the word 'hydrogen', indicating that it is an acid.

  • What are the two specific types of acids mentioned in the script?

    -The two specific types of acids mentioned are those with oxygen and those without oxygen.

  • What is the prefix used for acids without oxygen, and what does it indicate?

    -The prefix 'Hydro' is used for acids without oxygen, indicating that there is no oxygen present in the acid.

  • How is the root name of an element in an acid without oxygen typically structured?

    -The root name of the element in an acid without oxygen typically ends in 'ic', followed by the word 'acid'.

  • Can you provide an example of an acid without oxygen from the script?

    -An example of an acid without oxygen is hydroiodic acid, where 'hydro' indicates no oxygen, 'iod' is the root name for iodine, and 'acid' indicates the presence of hydrogen.

  • What is the process for naming an acid when given its chemical formula?

    -When given a chemical formula, you identify if there is oxygen present, use the appropriate prefix ('hydro' if no oxygen), and then use the root name of the element followed by 'ic' or 'ous' acid, depending on the presence of oxygen.

  • How is hydrofluoric acid named according to the script?

    -Hydrofluoric acid is named by identifying 'hydro' as the prefix indicating no oxygen, 'fluor' as the root name for fluorine, and 'acid' indicating the presence of hydrogen.

  • What does the 'ous' ending in an acid name signify?

    -The 'ous' ending in an acid name signifies that the acid contains oxygen and is associated with the 'ite' form of polyatomic ions.

  • Can you explain the naming process for acids with oxygen using the example of nitrous acid?

    -Nitrous acid is named by recognizing the presence of oxygen (no prefix), using 'ous' to indicate 'ite' (nitrate ion, NO2-), and 'acid' to indicate the presence of hydrogen, resulting in HNO2.

  • What is the significance of the saying 'I ATE organIC apples despITE being poisonOUS' in the context of the script?

    -The saying is a mnemonic to help remember that 'ate' goes with 'ic' for acids with oxygen, and 'ite' goes with 'ous' for acids without oxygen.

  • What additional resources does Melissa Maribel offer for students who need more help with Chemistry?

    -Melissa Maribel offers practice problems in the description box and live tutoring sessions where she goes into more detail with these concepts and answers questions.

Outlines
00:00
🧪 Chemistry Acids Naming Guide

Melissa Maribel introduces her educational channel aimed at helping students understand chemistry concepts to reduce stress and accelerate graduation. She focuses on the naming of acids, explaining that all acids start with 'H' for hydrogen. Acids are categorized into two types: those with and without oxygen. Acids without oxygen begin with 'Hydro', indicating the absence of oxygen, and are named with the root element followed by 'ic'. For example, hydroiodic acid (HI) is named by recognizing 'hydro' for no oxygen and 'iod' for the iodine element. Acids with oxygen do not have a prefix and are named with the root element ending in 'ous' or 'ic', depending on the polyatomic ion involved. She provides the example of nitrous acid (HNO2) as 'ous' and nitric acid (HNO3) as 'ic'. Special attention is given to the naming of phosphorous acid (H3PO3) and phosphoric acid (H3PO4), where an 'r' is added to the name. A mnemonic, 'I ATE organIC apples despITE being poisonOUS', is shared to help remember the naming conventions for acids with oxygen. The video concludes with an invitation to check the description for practice problems and live tutoring sessions.

05:02
📚 Inviting Engagement and Further Assistance

In the concluding paragraph, Melissa Maribel encourages viewers to engage with the content by liking and subscribing to the channel for more chemistry help. She also invites students to participate in live tutoring sessions where they can ask questions and delve deeper into the subject matter. The paragraph serves as a call to action, aiming to build a community of learners and offer additional support outside the video format.

Mindmap
Keywords
💡Acid
An acid is a substance that donates a hydrogen ion (H+) when dissolved in a solution. In the context of the video, acids are chemical compounds that start with 'H' or 'hydro', indicating the presence or absence of oxygen. For example, 'hydroiodic acid' and 'nitric acid' are both discussed, showing how the prefix 'hydro' signifies no oxygen and the root name indicates the element involved.
💡Hydro
The prefix 'hydro' is used in chemistry to denote the presence of hydrogen without oxygen. In the script, 'hydro' is used as a prefix for acids that do not contain oxygen, such as in 'hydroiodic acid', where 'hydro' indicates the absence of oxygen and 'acid' signifies the presence of hydrogen.
💡Root Name
The root name in chemical nomenclature refers to the base name of an element or a polyatomic ion. In the video, the root name is used to identify the element in an acid, such as 'iod' in 'hydroiodic acid' or 'nitrite' in 'nitrite acid', which helps in determining the composition and naming of the acid.
💡Charge Balance
Charge balance is the concept of ensuring that the total positive and negative charges in a chemical formula are equal. The script mentions balancing charges when writing the formula for acids, such as in 'HI' for hydroiodic acid, to ensure the formula is electrically neutral.
💡Prefix
In chemistry, a prefix is used to indicate the number of atoms of an element in a compound. The script explains that the absence of a prefix in an acid formula indicates the presence of oxygen, as seen with 'HNO2' for nitrous acid, where no prefix is used before 'nitrous'.
💡Ous Acid
An 'ous acid' is a type of oxyacid where the root name of the element ends with 'ous'. The script uses 'nitrous acid' as an example, where 'ous' corresponds to the 'ite' form of polyatomic ions, indicating a lower oxidation state of the element.
💡Ic Acid
'Ic acid' refers to an oxyacid where the root name of the element ends with 'ic'. In the script, 'nitric acid' is an example, where 'ic' pairs with 'ate' to indicate a higher oxidation state of the element, resulting in the formula 'HNO3'.
💡Polyatomic Ions
Polyatomic ions are groups of atoms that act as a single unit with a charge. The script mentions 'NO2-' as an example of a polyatomic ion, which is part of the nomenclature and charge balance in naming acids like 'nitrous acid'.
💡Phosphite
Phosphite is a specific type of phosphate that contains a different number of oxygen atoms and a different charge. The script distinguishes between 'phosphite' ('H3PO3') and 'phosphate' ('H3PO4'), noting the addition of an 'r' in the name 'phosphorous acid' for the latter.
💡Phosphate
Phosphate refers to a group of compounds containing phosphoric acid or its salts. In the script, 'phosphate' is used in the context of 'H3PO4', where the 'ate' ending indicates a higher oxidation state and the presence of more oxygen atoms compared to phosphite.
💡Mnemonic
A mnemonic is a memory aid or formula used to help remember complex information. The script provides a mnemonic 'I ATE organIC apples despITE being poisonOUS' to help remember the rule for naming acids with oxygen, associating 'ate' with 'ic' and 'ite' with 'ous'.
Highlights

Introduction to the channel and the purpose of helping students understand Chemistry to reduce stress and graduate faster.

Explanation of the basic rule that all acids begin with 'H' or hydrogen, indicating the presence of an acid.

Differentiation between two types of acids: those with and without oxygen.

Description of the prefix 'Hydro' indicating the absence of oxygen in an acid.

The naming convention for acids without oxygen, starting with 'hydro' followed by the root name of the element ending in 'ic'.

Example of hydroiodic acid, explaining the absence of oxygen and the presence of hydrogen.

Process of balancing charges in acids to determine the correct formula.

Method for naming acids from their chemical formulas, starting with acids without oxygen.

Explanation of how to name hydrofluoric acid from its chemical formula HF.

Introduction of the second type of acid containing oxygen, eliminating the 'hydro' prefix.

Naming acids with oxygen, using the root name of the element ending in 'ous' for 'ite' compounds.

Example of nitrous acid, explaining the use of 'ous' and its relation to 'ite'.

Process of naming acids with oxygen, using the root name ending in 'ic' for 'ate' compounds.

Example of nitric acid, detailing the association of 'ic' with 'ate' and the presence of hydrogen.

Method for naming acids from their chemical formulas, starting with acids containing oxygen.

Explanation of phosphorous acid and the special case of adding an 'r' in its naming.

Mnemonic 'I ATE organIC apples despITE being poisonOUS' to remember the naming of acids with oxygen.

Invitation to check the description box for practice problems and live tutoring opportunities.

Closing remarks with an encouragement to like, subscribe, and engage for more help.

Transcripts

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