Special Considerations for CPR, AED and Choking
TLDRThe video script addresses special considerations in CPR, AED use, and choking rescue, emphasizing the importance of understanding these scenarios to improve patient outcomes. It covers three key areas: patient size and the ability to perform effective chest compressions, the feeling of crepitus during compressions which should not deter rescuers, and the approach to impaled objects in the chest. For AED use, it discusses the impact of jewelry, medicated patches, under-wire bras, and breast tissue on the procedure. In choking rescue, it advises on dealing with large patients, pregnant women, and hard-to-remove obstructions, advocating for bystander assistance and the use of EMS tools when necessary. The summary underscores the need for continuous effort in rescue attempts until the obstruction is cleared or professional help arrives.
Takeaways
- 🚑 Always consider the size of the patient when performing CPR, as it can affect the effectiveness of chest compressions.
- 🔊 Do not be deterred by the cracking or crunching sounds during chest compressions; these are normal and do not indicate harm to the patient.
- 🚨 In the case of impaled objects in the chest, only avoid CPR if the object is directly in the compression area; otherwise, work around it.
- 💎 Jewelry and piercings may interfere with AED use, so they should be moved or removed if they are in the way of the electrical pathway.
- 💊 Remove any medication patches before using an AED, as they can cause burns if left in place during a shock.
- 👙 If an under-wire bra might interfere with the electrical pathway of an AED, it is safer to remove it.
- 🤰 For pregnant women or those who might be pregnant, avoid abdominal thrusts and perform chest thrusts under the breasts instead.
- 🤰 In an unconscious choking patient, perform CPR compressions rather than abdominal thrusts.
- 🍫 Be cautious with objects that can create a sticky obstruction in the airway, like marshmallows or coins, as they are difficult to remove with standard first aid techniques.
- 👨⚕️ EMS has specialized tools to deal with difficult airway obstructions, including suction equipment and intubation gear.
- ⏰ In any emergency situation, call 911 immediately and continue with CPR or appropriate first aid until help arrives.
Q & A
What are the three most popular topics regarding special considerations for CPR?
-The three most popular topics are the size of the patient, the crepitus or crunching feeling during compressions, and the presence of impaled objects.
What should a rescuer do if they cannot perform adequate chest compressions due to the patient's size?
-They should call 911, recruit another rescuer who might be able to perform the compressions more effectively, and teach that person how to do chest compressions.
Why shouldn't rescuers be deterred by the snapping, cracking, or popping sounds during chest compressions?
-These sounds are often due to the separation of the sternum from the rib cage by cartilage, similar to cracking a knuckle. The patient is already in a critical state, and these sounds do not indicate additional harm being done.
When should CPR compressions not be performed on a patient with an impaled object in the chest?
-CPR compressions should not be performed if the impaled object is in the exact location where chest compressions would be administered.
What are the four main topics of concern regarding the use of AEDs?
-The four main topics are jewelry that might interfere with the electrical shock, medication patches on the skin, the presence of an under-wire bra, and the issue of breast tissue in the way of pad placement.
How should rescuers handle jewelry that might be in the way of AED pad placement?
-Necklaces can be moved to the side without removal, while piercings should be left in place unless they are directly in the pathway of the electricity or where the pad needs to be placed.
What should be done if a medication patch is found on the upper right side of a patient's chest?
-The patch should be removed and the medication wiped off before applying the AED pads to prevent potential burns.
Is it safe to use an AED on a patient with an under-wire bra?
-If the under-wire bra appears to interfere with the electrical pathway, it should be removed to prevent the risk of electricity being redirected along the surface of the chest wall.
How should rescuers adjust their approach to AED use if the patient has significant breast tissue?
-Breast tissue should be moved out of the way to allow for proper pad placement on the left mid-axillary rib cage.
What are the three main special considerations for treating choking patients?
-The three main considerations are dealing with a patient too large for the rescuer to reach around, a pregnant patient, and an obstruction that won't come out with standard techniques.
What is the recommended approach if a rescuer is too small to reach around a large choking patient?
-The rescuer can seek help from a larger bystander, perform inward thrusts on the sternum instead of the abdomen, or wait until the patient is unconscious and then perform CPR compressions.
How should rescuers treat a pregnant female who is choking?
-Rescuers should avoid abdominal thrusts to prevent injury to the uterus and baby, and instead perform inward thrusts on the sternum while the patient is conscious. If unconscious, standard CPR compressions should be used.
What is the advice for dealing with a choking patient who has a hard-to-remove obstruction?
-Prevention is the best approach, but if faced with such a situation, rescuers should continue to perform chest or abdominal thrusts until the obstruction is cleared, the patient can breathe, or EMS arrives with more specialized tools.
Outlines
🚑 CPR Special Considerations
The first paragraph discusses the importance of understanding special considerations when performing CPR. It addresses three main concerns: patient size, the feeling of crepitus during compressions, and the presence of impaled objects. The speaker emphasizes the need for rescuers to seek help if they cannot perform adequate chest compressions due to size differences, reassures that the cracking sound during compressions is normal and not harmful, and advises on how to handle situations where an impaled object is present.
🔌 AED Usage and Common Concerns
The second paragraph focuses on the use of automated external defibrillators (AEDs) and common questions surrounding their use. It covers four main topics: the impact of jewelry on AED function, the presence of medicated patches, the safety of using an AED with an under-wire bra, and considerations for breast tissue. The speaker advises on how to manage these situations, such as moving or removing jewelry and patches, safely using an AED with an under-wire bra by removing it if necessary, and adjusting for breast tissue to ensure proper pad placement.
🤰 Choking Scenarios and Solutions
The third paragraph deals with special considerations for choking patients, particularly in situations involving size disparity between the rescuer and the patient, pregnancy, and hard-to-remove obstructions. The speaker suggests seeking help from a larger bystander, using sternal thrusts instead of abdominal thrusts, and avoiding abdominal thrusts in pregnant women to prevent injury to the uterus and baby. It also touches on the difficulty of removing certain types of obstructions and emphasizes the importance of prevention, while noting that EMS has specialized tools to assist in such cases.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡CPR
💡Automated External Defibrillators (AED)
💡Choking
💡Rib Fractures
💡Impaled Objects
💡Jewelry Interference
💡Medication Patches
💡Under-wire Bras
💡Breast Tissue
💡Pregnancy
💡Obstruction
Highlights
The importance of understanding special considerations in CPR, AED use, and choking skills to avoid confusion during training.
Three main topics in CPR: patient size, feeling of crepitus during compressions, and dealing with impaled objects.
Encouragement to call for help and recruit additional rescuers when unable to perform adequate chest compressions.
Reassurance that the feeling of cracking or popping during chest compressions is normal and should not deter rescuers.
Guidance on when to perform CPR compressions around impaled objects and the importance of scene safety.
Four common questions about AED use, including concerns about jewelry, medication patches, under-wire bras, and breast tissue.
Advice on moving or removing jewelry and medication patches to prevent interference with AED function.
Recommendation to remove under-wire bras if they may interfere with the electrical pathway of the AED.
Instructions on how to adjust for breast tissue when applying AED pads.
Emphasis on the ability to effectively use an AED when aware of and can manage special considerations.
Three common concerns regarding choking patients: size disparity between rescuer and patient, dealing with pregnant patients, and hard-to-remove obstructions.
Suggestion to seek help from a larger bystander or use sternal thrusts when unable to perform abdominal thrusts due to patient size.
Avoidance of abdominal thrusts in potentially pregnant females to prevent injury to the uterus and baby.
Use of sternal thrusts and CPR compressions for unconscious choking patients as an alternative to abdominal thrusts.
Warning about the dangers of certain objects and foods causing difficult-to-remove obstructions in the airway.
Preventative advice to avoid potential choking hazards and the importance of professional EMS tools in severe cases.
Continuation of chest compressions or abdominal thrusts by rescuers until the obstruction is cleared or help arrives.
Transcripts
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