Desired Over Have Dosage Calculations for Nursing Students and Nurses NCLEX

RegisteredNurseRN
6 Apr 202212:05
EducationalLearning
32 Likes 10 Comments

TLDRThe video by Sarah from registerednessrn.com explains the 'desired over have' method for dosage calculations, emphasizing its formula and application. She compares it with other methods like ratio-proportion and dimensional analysis, and provides examples to illustrate the process. Sarah also highlights the importance of unit consistency and metric conversions, offering tips for solving practical problems in medication dosage.

Takeaways
  • 📝 The Desired Over Have (DOH) method is a formula used for solving dosage calculations in healthcare.
  • 💊 The DOH method is one of several approaches, including ratio-proportion and dimensional analysis, to calculate dosages.
  • 📋 Memorizing the formula is essential for using the DOH method effectively, with 'D' representing the desired dose and 'H' representing what is available on hand.
  • 🔍 Accurate dosage calculations require matching units between the desired dose and the available dose, necessitating unit conversion if they differ.
  • 📐 The metric conversion table is crucial for unit conversions, and healthcare professionals should have it memorized for quick calculations.
  • 🌟 Personal preference and program requirements often dictate which method is used for dosage calculations.
  • 🧠 The script provides a step-by-step guide on how to set up and solve dosage problems using the DOH method.
  • 👩‍⚕️ The video includes practical examples of how to apply the DOH method to different dosage forms like capsules, tablets, and injectable solutions.
  • 📈 The process of solving dosage problems involves identifying the desired dose, the dosage strength available, and the quantity of the medication to determine the dose to be administered.
  • ⚖️ Unit conversion is a critical step when the units of the desired dose and available dose do not match, and it requires accurate application of metric conversions.
  • 📚 The video offers additional resources for learning about dosage calculations, including a playlist on dimensional analysis for different types of dosage calculations.
Q & A

  • What is the desired over have method used for?

    -The desired over have method is a formula used to help solve dosage calculations.

  • What are some alternative methods to the desired over have method for dosage calculations?

    -Alternative methods include ratio proportion and dimensional analysis.

  • How do you set up the formula for the desired over have method?

    -The formula is set up as 'Desired (D) over Have (H)', where D is the ordered dose and H is the dosage strength on hand multiplied by the quantity.

  • What is an example of how to use the desired over have method?

    -For example, if a patient is prescribed 500 milligrams of medication and you have 250 milligram capsules, you would use the formula (500 mg / 250 mg) * 1 capsule = 2 capsules to determine the dose.

  • Why is it important to match units when using the desired over have method?

    -Matching units is important because they need to cancel out during the calculation to ensure the correct dosage is given.

  • How can you convert units when they don't match in the desired over have method?

    -You can convert units by using the metric conversion table and either multiplying or dividing depending on the units' relationship, such as converting grams to milligrams or micrograms to milligrams.

  • What is the metric conversion trick mentioned in the script?

    -The trick is to move the decimal point to the right for multiplication (e.g., grams to milligrams) and to the left for division (e.g., micrograms to milligrams) by the number of places corresponding to the conversion rate (e.g., 3 places for thousand).

  • In the script, how many milliliters per dose should be drawn up for a patient ordered 3.6 grams IV daily with a vial containing 1200 milligrams per 2 milliliters?

    -For the patient, 3.6 grams is converted to 3600 milligrams. Using the formula, (3600 mg / 1200 mg) * 2 mL equals 6 milliliters per dose.

  • How many tablets should be given per dose if a patient is ordered 750 micrograms daily and supplied with 0.25 milligrams per tablet?

    -First, convert 750 micrograms to 0.75 milligrams. Then, using the formula, (0.75 mg / 0.25 mg) * 1 tablet equals 3 tablets per dose.

  • What is the purpose of memorizing the metric conversion table?

    -Memorizing the metric conversion table is essential for accurately performing unit conversions during dosage calculations, which is critical for patient safety and correct medication administration.

  • How can you access additional resources for learning about dosage calculations?

    -For more resources, you can access the playlist on dimensional analysis mentioned in the script, which is available in the YouTube description below the video.

Outlines
00:00
📝 Introduction to the Desired Over Have Method

This paragraph introduces the Desired Over Have method for solving dosage calculations, emphasizing its importance and how it compares to other methods like ratio proportion and dimensional analysis. The speaker, Sarah, mentions that the method to be used depends on personal preference and program requirements. She provides a brief overview of the formula, explaining that 'D' stands for the desired dose and 'H' represents what is available on hand. The explanation includes an example of how to apply the formula using a bottle of capsules with a dosage strength of a thousand milligrams.

05:01
🧪 Dosage Calculation with Unit Conversion

In this paragraph, the focus is on the importance of unit matching in dosage calculations and the necessity of memorizing the metric table for conversions. Sarah provides a detailed example of converting grams to milligrams and solving for the dosage using the Desired Over Have method. She illustrates this with a scenario where a physician orders 3.6 grams IV daily, and the available medication is in a vial with a concentration of 1200 milligrams per 2 milliliters. The paragraph also includes a step-by-step guide on how to convert and solve the problem, resulting in the correct dosage calculation.

10:02
💊 Handling Different Dosage Forms and Units

This paragraph discusses the application of the Desired Over Have method with different dosage forms and units, such as micrograms versus milligrams. Sarah presents a problem where the physician orders 750 micrograms daily, and the available medication is 0.25 milligrams per tablet. She explains the need for unit conversion and provides a clear method for converting micrograms to milligrams, either by division or by decimal point movement. The paragraph concludes with the correct calculation of the number of tablets needed to meet the physician's ordered dose.

Mindmap
Keywords
💡Desired Over Have method
The 'Desired Over Have' method is a formulaic approach used in medical contexts to calculate the correct dosage of medication to administer to a patient. It involves dividing the desired dose (prescribed by a healthcare provider) by what is available (the medication strength on hand) and multiplying by the quantity of the medication form (e.g., number of tablets or volume). This method ensures accuracy in fulfilling prescription orders, particularly when adjusting for different medication strengths or forms.
💡Dosage calculations
Dosage calculations are mathematical operations used in healthcare to determine the appropriate amount of medication to give to a patient. These calculations are critical for ensuring patient safety and effective treatment. The video focuses on teaching the 'Desired Over Have' method as one technique among others, like ratio proportion and dimensional analysis, to perform these calculations.
💡Dimensional analysis
Dimensional analysis in the context of the video refers to another method for solving dosage calculations. It involves a step-by-step approach of multiplying or dividing quantities while keeping track of units to ensure they align properly. The video mentions that there is a separate playlist dedicated to this method, indicating its importance and utility in various medical dosing scenarios.
💡Metric table
The metric table is a reference tool that lists conversions between different units of measurement, such as grams to milligrams or milliliters to liters. In the video, it's emphasized that memorizing the metric table is crucial for performing unit conversions necessary when the units of the prescribed dose and the available medication do not match, which is often the case in dosage calculations.
💡Conversions
Conversions refer to the mathematical process of changing quantities from one unit to another. This is essential in dosage calculations when the unit of the desired dose differs from the unit of the medication on hand, as illustrated in the video with examples converting grams to milligrams or micrograms to milligrams. Understanding how to convert between units ensures accurate medication dosing.
💡YouTube video
The term 'YouTube video' in this context refers to the medium through which the educational content is delivered. The video is designed to instruct viewers, particularly nursing students or practicing nurses, on how to use specific methods for medication dosage calculations, enhancing their skills in a vital area of patient care.
💡Free quiz
Mentioned at the beginning of the video, the 'free quiz' is offered as a follow-up to the video content, allowing viewers to test their understanding and retention of the 'Desired Over Have' method for dosage calculations. This interactive component helps reinforce learning and ensure that viewers can apply what they have learned in practical settings.
💡Prescribing provider
A 'prescribing provider' in the context of the video refers to a healthcare professional (like a doctor or nurse practitioner) who is authorized to write prescriptions for medications. The desired dose part of the 'Desired Over Have' method is based on the amount of medication that the prescribing provider orders for the patient, which is crucial for the initial setup of the dosage calculation formula.
💡Medication label
The medication label contains crucial information about the drug, including its strength and the form in which it is supplied (like milligrams per tablet or milliliters per vial). In the video, this label plays a critical role as it provides the 'Have' component in the 'Desired Over Have' method, indicating what is available to be administered to the patient.
💡Patient care
Patient care in the context of the video refers to the clinical application of correctly calculated medication dosages to treat patients safely and effectively. The video emphasizes accurate dosage calculations as a foundational skill in nursing and healthcare, crucial for avoiding medication errors and ensuring optimal therapeutic outcomes for patients.
Highlights

Sarah introduces the desired over have method for solving dosage calculations.

Other methods like ratio proportion and dimensional analysis can also be used for dosage calculations.

The desired over have method involves a formula where 'D' stands for the desired dose and 'H' for what is on hand.

The dosage strength found on the medication label is plugged into the 'H' part of the formula.

Quantity, the volume or amount of dosage strength on hand, is also a factor in the calculation.

The formula is designed to calculate the dose to be given, represented by 'x'.

It's crucial to ensure that units match up for the desired and 'have' parts of the calculation.

Conversions may be necessary if units do not match, and familiarity with the metric table is essential.

An example is provided where 500 milligrams is ordered, and 250 milligram capsules are on hand.

For the second example, a physician orders 3.6 grams IV daily, and the available medication is in a vial with a concentration of 1200 milligrams per 2 milliliters.

The third example involves a physician's order of 750 micrograms daily, with the medication provided in 0.25 milligrams per tablet.

Conversion is necessary when the units of the ordered dose and the available medication differ.

The metric table is used to convert grams to milligrams and micrograms to milligrams.

The method is practical and applicable for healthcare professionals dealing with dosage calculations.

Sarah emphasizes the importance of memorizing the metric conversion rates for accurate dosage calculations.

The video includes a quiz for viewers to test their understanding of the desired over have method.

The video provides a comprehensive guide on the desired over have method, suitable for those required to use it by their program.

The video is part of a larger resource, with a playlist available for dimensional analysis and different dosage calculations.

Sarah's explanation is clear and methodical, making it easy for viewers to understand and apply the desired over have method.

Transcripts

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