Science Max | FULL EPISODE | States Of Matter | Season 1

Science Max - 9 Story

1 Mar 202222:03

EducationalLearning

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TLDRIn this exciting episode of Science Max, Phil McCordick explores the fascinating world of states of matter, particularly focusing on the intriguing properties of cornstarch mud, a non-Newtonian fluid. Through a series of放大实验, Phil and his team delve into solids, liquids, and gases, demonstrating the unique behavior of cornstarch mud, which acts as a liquid until struck and then solidifies. They also experiment with creating giant smoke-filled bubbles and the effects of liquid nitrogen on various objects. The episode is a thrilling journey that blends hands-on science experiments with engaging explanations, showcasing the power of scientific principles in everyday phenomena.

Takeaways

🌟 Phil introduces 'Science Max Experiments at Large', a series where everyday science experiments are scaled up for a bigger impact.
🔬 The episode focuses on the states of matter, exploring solids, liquids, gases, and non-Newtonian fluids like cornstarch mud.
🌽 Cornstarch mud is created by mixing two parts cornstarch with one part water, resulting in a substance that acts as both a liquid and a solid depending on the pressure applied.
🎨 The properties of cornstarch mud are explained by the arrangement and interaction of its large, blocky molecules compared to the smaller, rounder water molecules.
🏃‍♂️ Phil and Judy attempt to walk on a large quantity of cornstarch mud, highlighting the concept of shear thickening in fluids.
🍬 The process of making rock candy from sugar and water is demonstrated, showcasing the transformation of a solid to a liquid and back to a solid.
🎨 A variety of household items can be used to create bubbles, emphasizing the scientific fun that can be found in everyday objects.
💨 The experiment of capturing smoke in giant bubbles is a creative way to explore the properties of gases and liquids.
🚜 A cement truck is employed as an unconventional mixing tool for the large volume of cornstarch mud, demonstrating practical problem-solving in science.
🔥 The limitations of using a drill mixer with cornstarch mud are discussed, illustrating the importance of understanding material properties in experimental design.
🎉 The successful creation of a large cornstarch mud pit for walking demonstrates the potential of scaling up science experiments for educational purposes.

Q & A

What is the main theme of the 'Science Max' episode described in the transcript?
-The main theme of the 'Science Max' episode is exploring the states of matter, particularly focusing on solids, liquids, gases, and non-Newtonian fluids like cornstarch mud.
How is cornstarch mud made according to the transcript?
-Cornstarch mud is made by mixing two parts cornstarch with one part water, creating a non-Newtonian fluid that behaves like a liquid until it is hit or squeezed, at which point it becomes solid.
What are the three main states of matter discussed in the episode?
-The three main states of matter discussed are solid, liquid, and gas.
What are the three rules to determine the state of matter?
-The three rules are: 1) Does it flow? 2) Does it take the shape of its container? 3) Can you squeeze it? Solids do not flow and are not easily compressed, liquids flow and take the shape of their container, and gases flow, take the shape and volume of their container, and are easily compressed.
How does the properties of cornstarch mud change when it is subjected to sudden pressure?
-When subjected to sudden pressure, the water molecules in cornstarch mud squirt out of the way, but the cornstarch molecules don't have enough time to move, resulting in a section that's nearly all cornstarch and acts as a solid.
What is the process of making rock candy as described in the transcript?
-Rock candy is made by dissolving three cups of sugar into every cup of water, heating the water to dissolve the sugar, then pouring the solution into a container. A shish kebab skewer is coated with sugar crystals to act as seed crystals and is placed in the solution. Over time, the dissolved sugar crystals in the water grow on the seed crystals, forming rock candy.
What problem did Phil and Judy encounter when trying to mix a large amount of cornstarch mud using a drill?
-When using a drill to mix the cornstarch mud, the泥 would turn solid due to the sheer thickening properties of the fluid when the fast-moving blades attempted to mix it quickly, making it difficult to mix.
How did Phil and Judy solve the mixing problem for the cornstarch mud?
-They solved the mixing problem by using a cement truck, which could mix the cornstarch mud at a large volume but at a very low speed, preventing it from turning solid too quickly.
What experiment involving liquid nitrogen was mentioned in the transcript?
-The experiment involving liquid nitrogen involved freezing a banana, turning it solid, and then using it to hammer a nail into a block of wood, demonstrating the extreme cold and freezing properties of liquid nitrogen.
What happened when Phil attempted to turn a pumpkin into a sledgehammer using liquid nitrogen?
-The attempt to turn a pumpkin into a sledgehammer using liquid nitrogen was unsuccessful and resulted in a big mess, as the liquid nitrogen did not make the pumpkin sturdy enough to be used as a sledgehammer.
What was the final outcome of the cornstarch mud experiment with the cement truck?
-The final outcome was successful, as Phil and Judy were able to create a large amount of cornstarch mud using the cement truck and even walked on it, demonstrating its properties as a non-Newtonian fluid.

Outlines

00:00

🔬 Introduction to Science Max Experiments at Large

The video begins with Phil introducing himself and the concept of Science Max Experiments at Large. He explains that the show is about taking everyday science experiments and放大 them to a larger scale. The episode focuses on exploring solids, liquids, and gases, including non-Newtonian fluids like cornstarch mud. Phil demonstrates the properties of cornstarch mud, which acts as a liquid when poured but solid when struck. He also shares the recipe for making cornstarch mud and explains the science behind its unique behavior. The segment ends with Phil's humorous attempt to fix a fog machine that has gone haywire.

05:01

🌟 Understanding States of Matter

This paragraph delves into the three main states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas. Phil explains the characteristics that define each state, using simple examples like a table for solids, water in a speaker for liquids, and the air around us for gases. He outlines three rules to distinguish between the states of matter: flow, shape adaptation, and compressibility. Phil also addresses the nature of substances like Jell-O and ice, challenging the viewers' understanding of the states of matter. The summary highlights the educational aspect of the video, aiming to clarify basic scientific concepts in an engaging manner.

10:02

🍬 Creating Cornstarch Mud and Rock Candy

In this segment, Phil and his colleague Judy explore the properties of cornstarch mud further and discuss the concept of shear thickening. They attempt to create a large batch of cornstarch mud, facing challenges when using a drill with a mixing attachment. The paragraph also includes a fun experiment on making rock candy, a process that involves dissolving sugar in water, creating seed crystals, and allowing the sugar to crystallize around these seeds over time. Phil and Judy's enthusiasm for science is evident as they engage in these hands-on experiments, showcasing the joy of scientific exploration.

15:03

💨 Experimenting with Bubbles and Smoke

This paragraph shifts focus to the captivating world of bubbles, highlighting their unique property of being a gas surrounded by a liquid. Phil demonstrates various ways to create bubbles using everyday household items and introduces the concept of maximizing the experiment. The highlight of this section is the attempt to create a giant smoke-filled bubble at the Ontario Science Center with the help of Anthony, an expert in bubbles. The experiment showcases the creativity and excitement of scientific experimentation, emphasizing the importance of trying, even if success is not guaranteed.

20:05

🏗️ Mixing Cornstarch Mud on a Large Scale

The final paragraph of the script describes the challenge of mixing a large quantity of cornstarch mud. After unsuccessful attempts with a drill mixer, Phil and Judy opt for a cement truck to mix the cornstarch effectively. They discuss the properties of shear thickening fluids and the importance of mixing at a slow pace to maintain the liquid state. The paragraph culminates in a successful experiment where Phil and Judy walk on the cornstarch mud, demonstrating its solid-like properties under pressure. The video concludes with Phil's reflections on the day's experiments, emphasizing the value of perseverance and the joy of discovery in science.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Science Experiments

Science experiments are a fundamental part of the scientific method, involving the testing of hypotheses through systematic procedures and observations. In the context of the video, science experiments are scaled up to demonstrate the effects and reactions more dramatically, engaging viewers with the principles of solid, liquid, and gas states of matter.

💡States of Matter

States of matter refer to the distinct forms that a substance can take based on the arrangement and motion of its particles. The three main states are solid, liquid, and gas, each with unique properties. The video explores these states and also delves into a non-Newtonian fluid, which exhibits properties of both solid and liquid.

💡Cornstarch Mud

Cornstarch mud, also known as a non-Newtonian fluid, is a mixture of cornstarch and water that has the unique property of solidifying under pressure and returning to a liquid state when the pressure is removed. This property makes it a fascinating subject for scientific exploration and demonstrates the concept of shear thickening.

💡Shear Thickening

Shear thickening is a characteristic of certain non-Newtonian fluids, like cornstarch mud, where the fluid increases in viscosity and acts more like a solid when subjected to a force or shear stress. This is due to the alignment of particles under pressure, which temporarily changes the fluid's structure.

💡Rock Candy

Rock candy is a type of confectionery made by crystallizing sugar from a saturated solution. The process involves heating water and dissolving sugar in it, then allowing the solution to cool and seed crystals to form around a skewer. Over time, more sugar crystals grow from the solution onto the seed crystals, forming the characteristic stick-shaped candy.

💡Liquid Nitrogen

Liquid nitrogen is a cryogenic liquid produced by distilling liquid air and boiling off the oxygen, leaving primarily nitrogen. It is extremely cold, with a temperature of about -196°C (-321°F). Due to its low temperature, liquid nitrogen can be used to rapidly freeze objects, such as bananas, making them solid enough to hammer nails into wood.

💡Cement Truck

A cement truck, also known as a concrete mixer, is a vehicle designed to transport and mix cement or concrete. It has a rotating drum that mixes the ingredients to a consistent texture. In the video, a cement truck is used on a large scale to mix a significant amount of cornstarch mud, demonstrating the practical application of this machinery in a scientific context.

💡Smoke-Filled Bubbles

Smoke-filled bubbles are created by introducing smoke into a soap film, which is then blown into a bubble. The smoke particles are trapped within the bubble, creating a visually striking effect. This phenomenon demonstrates the properties of gases being able to be contained within a liquid medium.

💡Okie Dokie Sign

The Okie Dokie sign is a bubble wand used to create bubbles. It is typically shaped like a frame with a loop and is used by dipping it into a soap solution and then blowing through the loop to form bubbles. The sign is a tool for creating large and stable bubbles for scientific demonstrations and fun.

💡Solid, Liquid, Gas

These are the three fundamental states of matter, distinguished by the arrangement and mobility of their particles. Solids have particles that are closely packed and relatively immobile, liquids have particles that are more loosely packed and can flow, and gases have particles that are widely spaced and move freely. The video uses various experiments to illustrate the properties and behaviors of each state.

💡Maxing Out Experiments

Maxing out experiments refers to the concept of taking standard scientific procedures or demonstrations and amplifying them to a much larger scale. This approach allows for a more dramatic and visually impressive display of scientific principles, often making the phenomena more understandable and engaging for viewers.

Highlights

Phil introduces the concept of doing everyday science experiments on a larger scale, emphasizing the excitement of 'maxing out' experiments.

The episode focuses on states of matter, specifically solids, liquids, and gases, as well as substances like cornstarch mud that exist between these states.

Cornstarch mud is described as a non-Newtonian fluid, which has properties of both solids and liquids depending on the pressure applied.

The experiment involves creating a large quantity of cornstarch mud to test the possibility of running across it.

The process of making cornstarch mud is explained, with the ratio of two parts cornstarch to one part water being crucial.

Three rules to identify states of matter are introduced: flow, shape adaptation to containers, and compressibility.

The concept of shear thickening is introduced to explain the behavior of cornstarch mud under sudden pressure.

An experiment to create rock candy from sugar and water is described, showcasing the transformation of a solid to a liquid and back to a solid.

A large-scale rock candy experiment is teased, hinting at the fun and educational nature of maximizing experiments.

Bubbles are discussed as a combination of gas surrounded by liquid, with an activity to create large bubbles filled with smoke.

The challenge of mixing large quantities of cornstarch mud is addressed, noting the issues with using a drill mixer.

A cement truck is proposed as a solution for mixing large volumes of cornstarch mud effectively.

The process of loading cornstarch into a cement truck is described, highlighting the messiness but also the potential for large-scale experimentation.

Liquid nitrogen is introduced as a means to rapidly freeze items like bananas, exploring the effects on their physical properties.

An unsuccessful attempt to turn a pumpkin into a sledgehammer using liquid nitrogen is shared, emphasizing the importance of safety and practicality in science.

The successful creation of a large cornstarch mud pool using a cement truck mixer is celebrated, demonstrating the power of large-scale science experimentation.

The ability to walk on the cornstarch mud is tested, showcasing the unique properties of shear thickening fluids.

The episode concludes with a recap of the key learnings about states of matter and the excitement of science maximization.

Transcripts

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States of Matter Cornstarch Mud Rock Candy Shear Thickening Science Experiments Matter Properties DIY Science Educational Fun Phil McCormick ScienceMax