Stoichiometry: Converting Grams to Grams

Melissa Maribel
28 Mar 201805:33
EducationalLearning
32 Likes 10 Comments

TLDRThis chemistry tutorial video focuses on solving a stoichiometry problem involving the reaction between calcium hydroxide and phosphoric acid. It guides viewers through the process of converting grams of phosphoric acid to moles, using the balanced chemical equation to find the mole ratio, and then calculating the required grams of calcium hydroxide. The presenter emphasizes the importance of stoichiometry in chemistry and offers additional resources for practice.

Takeaways
  • 🔍 The problem involves calculating the amount of calcium hydroxide needed to react with 41.2 grams of phosphoric acid using stoichiometry.
  • 📝 The process begins by identifying the given and the unknown, with the given being the mass of phosphoric acid and the unknown being the mass of calcium hydroxide.
  • 🧪 The first step in the plan is to convert grams of phosphoric acid to moles using the molar mass as a conversion factor.
  • 📚 The molar mass of phosphoric acid (H3PO4) is calculated by adding the individual masses of hydrogen (3 x 1.01), phosphorus (30.97), and oxygen (4 x 16), resulting in 98 grams per mole.
  • ⚖️ A mole-to-mole ratio is established from the balanced chemical equation, which shows the relationship between moles of phosphoric acid and moles of calcium hydroxide.
  • 🔄 The balanced equation indicates a ratio of two moles of phosphoric acid to three moles of calcium hydroxide, which is used to convert moles of one compound to the other.
  • 🧪 The molar mass of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) is determined by adding the masses of calcium (40.08), oxygen (2 x 16), and hydrogen (2 x 1.01), totaling 74.1 grams per mole.
  • ➗ The final calculation involves using the mole-to-mole ratio and molar masses to find the mass of calcium hydroxide required, resulting in 46.7 grams.
  • 📈 Stoichiometry is emphasized as a crucial part of chemistry, with the speaker providing additional resources for understanding different stoichiometric calculations.
  • 📚 Detailed notes and examples are offered to help viewers practice and excel in various stoichiometry scenarios, such as converting between different units and compounds.
  • 👍 The speaker encourages viewers to check out the description box for resources, like the video and subscribe for further assistance in their chemistry studies.
Q & A

  • What is the main topic of the video script?

    -The main topic of the video script is stoichiometry, specifically calculating the amount of calcium hydroxide needed to react with a given amount of phosphoric acid.

  • What is the given amount of phosphoric acid in the problem?

    -The given amount of phosphoric acid is 41.2 grams.

  • What is the balanced chemical equation's role in this stoichiometry problem?

    -The balanced chemical equation provides the mole-to-mole ratio between phosphoric acid and calcium hydroxide, which is essential for converting moles of one substance to moles of another.

  • What is the molar mass of phosphoric acid (H3PO4) calculated in the script?

    -The molar mass of phosphoric acid is calculated to be 98 grams per mole, based on the individual masses of hydrogen (3.03), phosphorus (30.97), and oxygen (64).

  • How is the molar mass used in stoichiometry calculations?

    -The molar mass is used as a conversion factor to change from grams to moles or vice versa in stoichiometry calculations.

  • What is the mole-to-mole ratio between phosphoric acid and calcium hydroxide in the balanced equation?

    -The mole-to-mole ratio is two moles of phosphoric acid to three moles of calcium hydroxide.

  • What is the molar mass of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) calculated in the script?

    -The molar mass of calcium hydroxide is calculated to be 74.1 grams per mole, based on the individual masses of calcium (40.08), oxygen (32), and hydrogen (2.02).

  • How does the script suggest finding the final amount of calcium hydroxide needed?

    -The script suggests using the mole-to-mole ratio from the balanced equation and the molar masses of phosphoric acid and calcium hydroxide to calculate the final amount of calcium hydroxide in grams.

  • What is the final answer for the amount of calcium hydroxide needed in the script?

    -The final answer for the amount of calcium hydroxide needed is 46.7 grams.

  • What additional resources does the script mention for learning more about stoichiometry?

    -The script mentions additional videos on stoichiometry and detailed notes with different examples for practicing various stoichiometry calculations.

  • How does the script encourage viewers to engage with the content?

    -The script encourages viewers to check out the description box for resources, like the video and subscribe if they found the content helpful.

Outlines
00:00
🧪 Stoichiometry Calculation for Calcium Hydroxide and Phosphoric Acid Reaction

This paragraph introduces a stoichiometry problem involving the reaction between calcium hydroxide and phosphoric acid. The objective is to determine the amount of calcium hydroxide needed to react with 41.2 grams of phosphoric acid. The process involves converting grams of phosphoric acid to moles using its molar mass, which is calculated by summing the individual masses of hydrogen (3.03), phosphorus (30.97), and oxygen (64) to get a total of 98 grams per mole. A mole-to-mole ratio is then used, derived from the balanced chemical equation, to find the moles of calcium hydroxide. The molar mass of calcium hydroxide is determined by adding the masses of calcium (40.08), oxygen (32), and hydrogen (2.02) to get 74.1 grams per mole. The final step is to convert moles of calcium hydroxide to grams, resulting in 46.7 grams required for the reaction.

05:02
📚 Additional Resources for Stoichiometry Practice

The second paragraph offers additional resources for those interested in further understanding and practicing stoichiometry. It mentions that the creator has produced several videos on the topic and has also designed detailed notes. These notes cover various scenarios in stoichiometry, such as converting between different units like liters and atoms or grams to grams of different compounds. The paragraph encourages viewers to check the description box for these resources, and to like and subscribe to the channel for support and further assistance.

Mindmap
Keywords
💡Stoichiometry
Stoichiometry is the quantitative relationship between the amounts of reactants and products in a chemical reaction. In the video, stoichiometry is the central theme, as the problem involves calculating the amount of calcium hydroxide needed to react with a given amount of phosphoric acid. The script provides a step-by-step guide on how to use stoichiometric principles to solve this problem.
💡Balanced Equation
A balanced equation in chemistry represents a chemical reaction where the number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides of the equation, ensuring mass conservation. The video script uses the balanced equation to find the mole-to-mole ratio between phosphoric acid and calcium hydroxide, which is essential for the stoichiometric calculation.
💡Molar Mass
Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a substance, typically expressed in grams per mole (g/mol). It is calculated by summing the atomic masses of all atoms in a molecule. In the script, molar mass is used as a conversion factor to change grams of phosphoric acid to moles, and similarly for calcium hydroxide, which is crucial for the stoichiometric calculation.
💡Moles
Moles are a measure used in chemistry to express amounts of a chemical substance, based on Avogadro's number. The video explains the concept of moles in the context of converting grams of a substance to moles using its molar mass, which is a fundamental step in stoichiometric problems.
💡Phosphoric Acid
Phosphoric acid, with the chemical formula H3PO4, is an inorganic acid used in various industrial applications. In the video, it is the given reactant, and the script calculates the amount needed to react completely with calcium hydroxide based on its given mass.
💡Calcium Hydroxide
Calcium hydroxide, commonly known as slaked lime, has the chemical formula Ca(OH)2. It is used in the video as the product that reacts with phosphoric acid. The script's goal is to determine how many grams of calcium hydroxide are required to react with a given amount of phosphoric acid.
💡Mole-to-Mole Ratio
A mole-to-mole ratio is a relationship between the amounts of different substances in a balanced chemical equation. The video script uses the mole-to-mole ratio from the balanced equation to convert moles of phosphoric acid to moles of calcium hydroxide, which is a key step in the stoichiometric calculation.
💡Conversion Factor
In chemistry, a conversion factor is used to convert between different units of measurement, such as grams to moles or moles to grams, using the molar mass. The script emphasizes the use of the molar mass of phosphoric acid and calcium hydroxide as conversion factors in the stoichiometric calculation.
💡Chemical Reaction
A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the transformation of one set of chemical substances to another. The video script describes a specific chemical reaction between phosphoric acid and calcium hydroxide, focusing on the quantitative aspects of this reaction using stoichiometry.
💡Atomic Mass
Atomic mass is the mass of an individual atom of an element, typically measured in atomic mass units (amu). The script calculates the molar mass of phosphoric acid and calcium hydroxide by summing the atomic masses of their constituent elements, which is essential for determining the amounts of substances in a chemical reaction.
💡Chemistry
Chemistry is the scientific study of the properties, composition, and reactions of matter. The video script is an educational resource focused on a chemistry topic, specifically stoichiometry, which is a fundamental concept in understanding and performing calculations related to chemical reactions.
Highlights

Introduction to stoichiometry problem involving the reaction between calcium hydroxide and phosphoric acid.

Identification of the given quantity: 41.2 grams of phosphoric acid.

Objective to find the grams of calcium hydroxide required for the reaction.

Explanation of the process starting from grams to moles using molar mass as a conversion factor.

Calculation of molar mass for phosphoric acid: H3PO4 (3*1.01 for H, 30.97 for P, 4*16 for O, totaling 98 g/mol).

Transition from moles of phosphoric acid to moles of calcium hydroxide using the balanced chemical equation.

Mole to mole ratio derived from the balanced equation: 2 moles of phosphoric acid to 3 moles of calcium hydroxide.

Conversion of moles of calcium hydroxide to grams using the molar mass of calcium hydroxide.

Calculation of molar mass for calcium hydroxide: Ca(OH)2 (40.08 for Ca, 2*16 for O, 2*1.01 for H, totaling 74.1 g/mol).

Final calculation to determine the required grams of calcium hydroxide (46.7 grams).

Emphasis on stoichiometry's importance in chemistry and the availability of additional resources.

Encouragement to check out other videos and detailed notes for a comprehensive understanding of stoichiometry.

Invitation to practice different stoichiometry scenarios, such as liters to atoms or grams to grams of different compounds.

Offering of resources in the description box for further learning and improvement.

Closing remarks with an invitation to like, subscribe, and continue learning.

Transcripts

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Chemistry TutorialStoichiometry ProblemCalcium HydroxidePhosphoric AcidMolar MassMole RatioChemical ReactionEducational ContentScience LearningChemistry PracticeMole Calculation