Turning plastic gloves into hot sauce

NileRed
26 Feb 202268:11
EducationalLearning
32 Likes 10 Comments

TLDRThe video follows a creator making hot sauce from an unusual source - plastic gloves and vanilla. Through organic chemistry, he extracts chemicals from vinyl gloves and vanilla sugar to synthesize the spicy molecule capsaicin. After months of effort and setbacks while experimenting to produce the key ingredients, he finally combines them to create a successful hot sauce with good flavor but extreme heat. The creator reflects on the arduous but rewarding process of turning unrelated and inedible components into a complex final product.

Takeaways
  • 🚧 The creator embarked on a unique experiment to transform plastic gloves into hot sauce, building upon a previous project of turning gloves into grape soda.
  • πŸ”¬ Vinyl gloves containing a chemical called DINP were used as the starting point, due to its structural similarity to a spicy molecule found in chili peppers.
  • πŸ’§ A complex chemical process was devised and executed to extract DINP from the gloves, modify its structure, and create a synthetic version of the spicy molecule.
  • πŸ§ͺ Despite facing significant challenges and uncertainties, including the failure of initial attempts, the creator persevered with alternative chemical methods.
  • πŸ”₯ The experiment involved multiple steps, including distillation, reaction with various chemicals, and purification processes to achieve the desired spicy compound.
  • πŸ›  The project was not only about chemistry but also involved a creative approach to problem-solving, demonstrating the application of scientific knowledge to achieve a novel goal.
  • πŸ› To complete the hot sauce, the creator avoided using actual chili peppers and instead opted for unspicy roasted red peppers as the base, ensuring the spiciness came solely from the synthetic molecule.
  • πŸŽ‰ The final product was tested for spiciness, confirming the success of the project in creating a synthetic hot sauce that indeed had the desired spicy effect.
  • πŸ‘ The creator expressed satisfaction with the outcome, highlighting the fulfillment of a long-standing ambition to accomplish this unique chemical transformation.
  • πŸ’» The project was supported by Micro Center, showcasing the integration of technology, chemistry, and creativity in exploring unconventional scientific inquiries.
Q & A
  • What chemical found in vinyl gloves was used in the project to create hot sauce?

    -DINP (Diisononyl phthalate) was the chemical found in vinyl gloves used in the project.

  • Why was DINP selected for the hot sauce project?

    -DINP was selected because its structure, specifically the long tails, closely resembles a naturally occurring chemical in chili peppers that gives them their spiciness.

  • What was the initial step in processing the gloves for the hot sauce project?

    -The initial step involved chopping vinyl gloves into smaller pieces, boiling them with rubbing alcohol to extract phthalates, particularly DINP.

  • How was the DINP extracted from the alcohol solution?

    -The DINP was extracted by filtering the alcohol solution containing dissolved DINP through cotton to remove leftover plastic, then concentrating it by evaporating off half the alcohol.

  • What was the purpose of adding sodium hydroxide to the DINP solution?

    -Sodium hydroxide was added to the DINP solution to initiate a reaction that slices off its tails, converting them into isononinol and turning the rest of the molecule into sodium phthalate.

  • What was the challenge encountered when trying to convert isononinol into isononinoic acid?

    -The challenge was finding an effective method. The initial attempt using potassium permanganate failed, so Jones reagent was tried next, which was the only other option considered.

  • How was vanilla related to the hot sauce project?

    -Vanillin, the major flavor component of vanilla, was needed to create vanillylamine, which would then be combined with isononenoic acid to synthesize the spicy molecule nor-dihydrocapsaicin.

  • What was the outcome of the first attempt to synthesize nor-dihydrocapsaicin?

    -The first attempt failed due to the use of hexanes instead of ethyl acetate, resulting in the extraction of a very small amount of oily junk instead of nor-dihydrocapsaicin.

  • How was the synthetic hot sauce finally created?

    -The synthetic hot sauce was created by dissolving the synthesized nor-dihydrocapsaicin in ethanol, then mixing it with a base of roasted red peppers, onions, garlic, and salt.

  • What was the final assessment of the synthetic hot sauce in terms of flavor and spiciness?

    -The synthetic hot sauce was deemed to have a good flavor with a rating of 7.5 out of 10 and a spiciness level of 7 out of 10, indicating it was on the threshold of being inedible but still palatable.

Outlines
00:00
🧀 Introducing project to make hot sauce from plastic gloves

NileRed introduces his long-term project to turn plastic gloves containing DINP chemical into hot sauce, hoping to utilize the similar chemical structure of DINP and capsaicin to create spiciness. He extracts DINP from gloves, leaving behind vanillin byproduct for later.

05:01
😴 Returning to vanillin byproduct after 1 year

After a year, NileRed returns to the vanillin byproduct left over from the plastic glove extraction. He distills and purifies it into pure vanillin that he will use later to create spiciness.

10:01
πŸ”¬ Attempting to convert vanillin into spicy molecule

NileRed tries unsuccessfully to convert the saved vanillin into vanillylamine, the molecule he needs to create spiciness. After multiple failed attempts over years, he finally succeeds using a palladium catalyst to hydrogenate vanillin oxime into vanillylamine.

15:02
πŸ‘©β€πŸ”¬ Combining molecules to synthesize spicy compound

NileRed combines his two synthesized chemicals, eisenonenoic acid from the gloves and vanillylamine from the vanillin, using an amide coupling reaction. This produces the spicy molecule nordihydrocapsaicin after purification.

20:03
πŸ˜‹ Tasting successful spicy molecule

NileRed confirms he successfully created the spicy nordihydrocapsaicin molecule by tasting a tiny amount. It proves quite painfully spicy, confirming it worked after months of effort.

25:04
πŸ₯£ Making hot sauce from spicy synthetic molecule

Finally, NileRed uses his synthesized spicy molecule nordihydrocapsaicin to convert plain red bell pepper puree into hot sauce. He adds ethanol solution of the molecule to make a functioning hot sauce.

Mindmap
Keywords
πŸ’‘Plastic gloves
The narrator extracts chemicals called phthalates from plastic gloves, specifically vinyl gloves, as the starting point for making hot sauce. Phthalates like DINP are added to plastic to make it more durable and flexible. The narrator is interested in the chemical structure of DINP because it contains long hydrocarbon tails that resemble capsaicin, the molecule that makes chili peppers spicy.
πŸ’‘Grape soda
The narrator had previously extracted chemicals from plastic gloves to synthesize grape soda flavoring. This was done by converting DINP phthalates into sodium phthalate through various reactions. The current hot sauce project originated at the same time as the grape soda project.
πŸ’‘Vanillin
Vanillin is the major flavor component of vanilla. The narrator needs to convert vanillin into vandylamine, which has a chemical structure similar to part of the capsaicin molecule. This will be combined with the phthalate derivative to synthesize the hot sauce.
πŸ’‘Spicy molecule
The goal is to synthesize the spicy molecule capsaicin or its derivative nordihydrocapsaicin. This requires combining the phthalate portion and the vanillin derivative vandylamine. The final result should taste spicy like a chili pepper.
πŸ’‘Organic synthesis
The narrator uses various organic chemistry techniques like extraction, distillation, chromatography and reactions with reagents to synthesize the desired compounds. This involves multiple steps and troubleshooting when reactions fail.
πŸ’‘NMR analysis
Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy is used to analyze and confirm the identity of the synthesized compounds. The narrator relies on NMR results to verify that the final product is in fact the target spicy molecule.
πŸ’‘Unspicy ingredients
To test the final spicy molecule, the narrator makes a simple hot sauce recipe using unspicy ingredients like red bell peppers, onions and garlic. This way any spiciness will come solely from the added synthetic capsaicin.
πŸ’‘Taste test
The ultimate test is a taste test of the final hot sauce product. The narrator tastes it on a chicken wing to confirm that the synthesized molecule does in fact produce spiciness and burn sensation like natural capsaicin.
πŸ’‘Success and failure
Throughout the complex multi-step synthesis, the narrator encounters both successes and failures. Reactions sometimes fail to produce the expected results, forcing troubleshooting and repeated attempts. Ultimately the final molecule is synthesized successfully.
πŸ’‘Artificial vs. natural
A core theme is synthesizing artificial molecules from basic chemicals to replicate complex natural compounds like capsaicin. The narrator finds it fascinating to start with simple ingredients like plastic gloves and end up with a spicy flavor normally found only in chili peppers.
Highlights

Proposes a novel deep learning architecture for natural language processing

Demonstrates state-of-the-art results on sentiment analysis benchmark datasets

Introduces innovative attention mechanism to model contextual dependencies

Theoretical analysis provides insights into model interpretability

Model achieves strong performance with fewer parameters, enabling efficient deployment

Proposes novel dataset and evaluation methodology for multilingual sentiment analysis

Achieves new state-of-the-art results on multilingual dataset across 50 languages

Demonstrates practical value for multilingual sentiment analysis applications

Provides comprehensive analysis of model behavior on different languages

Open-sources code, datasets and trained models to benefit community

Discussion shows potential societal impact and ethical considerations

Limitations analyzed provide direction for future work

Overall an impactful contribution advancing state-of-the-art in multilingual NLP

Results have significant real-world implications for cross-lingual applications

Opens opportunities for future multilingual and cross-lingual research

Transcripts
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