Naming Acid Chlorides With IUPAC Nomenclature

The Organic Chemistry Tutor
3 May 201805:25
EducationalLearning
32 Likes 10 Comments

TLDRThis educational video script focuses on the nomenclature of acid halides, specifically acid bromides, chlorides, and benzoyl halides. It guides viewers through the process of naming these compounds by identifying the parent hydrocarbon, substituents, and the halide group. Examples include ethanol bromide, 3-methylbutanol chloride, and cyclohexane carbonyl bromide, emphasizing the importance of alphabetical order for substituents and the priority of functional groups in naming.

Takeaways
  • 🔍 The video focuses on naming acid halides, specifically acid bromides and chlorides.
  • 📝 An acid bromide with two carbons is named as 'ethanol bromide', indicating the presence of a bromine atom.
  • 🧪 The common name for this type of acid halide is 'acetyl bromide', highlighting the acetyl group.
  • 📚 When naming, the number of carbons and the associated alkane name are used, such as 'propanol' for three carbons.
  • 🔄 For an acid chloride with a methyl group on carbon 3, it is named '3-methylbutanol chloride'.
  • 🌐 Alphabetical order is important in naming; for example, 'bromo' comes before 'methyl' in '2,3-dibromo-3-methylpentanol chloride'.
  • 💧 Benzene rings attached to acid halides are named with 'benzoyl' to indicate the acetylide group.
  • 🔗 Cyclohexane rings attached to acid halides are prefixed with 'cyclo', as in 'cyclohexane carbonyl chloride'.
  • 🔄 The functional group of the acid halide takes priority in naming, such as '3-ethylcyclohexane carbonyl bromide'.
  • 📘 The script provides step-by-step examples to demonstrate the naming process for various acid halides.
  • 🎓 The video aims to educate viewers on the systematic naming of acid halides in chemistry.
Q & A

  • What is the focus of the video?

    -The video focuses on the naming conventions for acid halides.

  • What is an acid bromide and how is it named in the script?

    -An acid bromide is a compound where a bromine atom is attached to a carbonyl group. In the script, it is named as 'ethanone bromide' or commonly known as 'acetyl bromide'.

  • What is the common name for the acid halide with a bromine atom attached to it?

    -The common name for this acid halide is 'acetyl bromide'.

  • How is the compound with three carbons named in the script?

    -The compound with three carbons is named as 'propanol fluoride'.

  • What is the naming priority when multiple substituents are present in an acid halide?

    -The naming priority is alphabetical, with the substituent names listed in alphabetical order before the main chain name.

  • How is the molecule with a 4-carbon chain and a methyl group on carbon 3 named?

    -The molecule is named as '3-methylbutanol chloride'.

  • What is the name of the acid halide with a benzene ring attached?

    -The acid halide with a benzene ring is named as 'benzoyl chloride'.

  • How is the cyclohexane ring attached to an acid chloride named?

    -It is named as 'cyclohexane carbonyl chloride'.

  • What is the name of the molecule with a cyclopentane ring and a carbonyl functional group attached to a bromide ion?

    -The molecule is named as 'cyclopentane carbonyl bromide'.

  • How is the molecule with an ethyl substituent attached to a cyclohexane ring with an acid bromide named?

    -The molecule is named as '3-ethylcyclohexane carbonyl bromide'.

  • What is the significance of the position number in the naming of acid halides with substituents?

    -The position number indicates the location of the substituent on the carbon chain and is crucial for the correct identification and naming of the compound.

Outlines
00:00
🧪 Naming Acid Halides: An Introduction

This paragraph introduces the topic of the video, which is the naming of acid halides. It explains the naming process for an acid bromide with two carbons, which is called ethanol bromide, and highlights the common name of acetyl bromide. The paragraph also encourages viewers to try naming a molecule with three carbons, which is named propanol fluoride.

05:00
🔍 Advanced Acid Halide Nomenclature

This paragraph delves into more complex examples of acid halide nomenclature. It describes how to name molecules with different substituents and functional groups, such as a 3-methylbutanol chloride and a molecule with a bromine atom, a methyl group, and a chlorine atom, resulting in the name 2,3-dibromo-4-methylpentanol chloride. The paragraph also covers the naming of acid halides attached to a benzene ring, resulting in benzoyl chloride, and those attached to a cyclohexane ring, such as cyclohexane carbonyl chloride.

🌀 Cyclic Compounds and Acid Halides

This paragraph focuses on the naming of cyclic compounds with acid halide functional groups. It explains the process of naming a molecule with a cyclopentane ring and a carbonyl functional group attached to a bromide ion, resulting in the name cyclopentane carbonyl bromide. Additionally, it briefly touches on the naming of an ethyl substituent attached to a cyclohexane ring with an acid bromide, which is named 3-ethylcyclohexane carbonyl bromide.

📝 Final Thoughts on Acid Halide Nomenclature

This paragraph seems to be a continuation or a closing remark, but it is incomplete and does not provide substantial content for a detailed summary. It appears to be a fragment or an error in the script, suggesting that the video might have ended abruptly or there was a technical issue.

Mindmap
Keywords
💡Acid Halides
Acid Halides are a class of organic compounds that consist of an acid and a halogen. In the context of the video, these compounds are the focus, as they are named and discussed in various examples. The video script provides specific examples of acid halides, such as ethanol bromide and acetyl bromide, which are used to illustrate the naming conventions for these compounds.
💡Ethane
Ethane is a two-carbon alkane, and in the video, it is used as a reference for naming a specific acid halide. The term 'ethane' is associated with a two-carbon chain, and when naming the acid bromide, the script mentions 'ethane' to indicate the number of carbons, resulting in the name 'ethanol bromide'.
💡Bromine Atom
Bromine is a halogen element that can form part of an acid halide. In the script, the presence of a bromine atom attached to a carbon chain is used to determine the type of acid halide being discussed, such as in 'ethanol bromide' where the bromine atom is part of the compound's name.
💡Acetal
In the script, 'acetal' is mentioned as a common name for a specific type of acid halide, although it is quickly corrected to 'acetyl'. 'Acetyl' is a functional group that includes a carbonyl group bonded to a methyl group, and in the context of the video, 'acetyl bromide' is the correct term for the acid halide being named.
💡Propanol Fluoride
Propanol fluoride is an example of an acid halide mentioned in the script. It is named based on the three-carbon chain associated with propane, with a fluorine atom attached, indicating it is a fluoride derivative of propanol.
💡Acid Chloride
An acid chloride is a type of acid halide where the halogen is chlorine. In the video, the script describes how to name an acid chloride by using the example of '3-methylbutanol chloride', which includes a chlorine atom attached to a 3-methylbutanol molecule.
💡Methyl Group
A methyl group is a chemical group containing one carbon atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms. In the script, the presence of a methyl group is used to identify the position of substitution on a carbon chain, as seen in the naming of '3-methylbutanol chloride'.
💡Benzene Ring
A benzene ring is a six-carbon atom ring with alternating single and double bonds, common in aromatic compounds. The script mentions a benzene ring attached to an acid chloride, resulting in the name 'benzoyl chloride', indicating the presence of a carbonyl group attached to the benzene ring.
💡Cyclohexane Ring
Cyclohexane is a cyclic compound with a six-carbon atom ring. In the script, when a cyclohexane ring is attached to an acid halide, it changes the name to include 'cyclo' to indicate the ring structure, as in 'cyclohexane carbonyl chloride'.
💡Carbonyl Group
A carbonyl group is a functional group consisting of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom. In the video, the presence of a carbonyl group is crucial for naming the acid halides, as it determines the type of compound, such as 'cyclohexane carbonyl chloride' or '3-ethyl cyclohexane carbonyl bromide'.
💡Ethyl Substituent
An ethyl substituent is a chemical group derived from ethane, consisting of two carbon atoms. In the script, the term is used to describe the substitution on a cyclohexane ring in the compound '3-ethyl cyclohexane carbonyl bromide', indicating the position and type of the substituent.
Highlights

Focusing on naming acid halides in the video.

Introduction to acid bromide and its naming as ethanol bromide.

Common name for the acid halide is acetyl bromide.

Naming a three-carbon acid halide as propanol fluoride.

Invitation to the audience to name an acid chloride molecule.

Naming a molecule with a methyl group as 3-methylbutanol chloride.

Explanation of naming a molecule with multiple substituents in alphabetical order.

Naming a molecule with two bromo and three methyl groups as pentanol chloride.

Naming benzene ring attached acid halides as benzoyl chloride.

Cyclohexane ring attached to an acid chloride results in cyclohexane carbonyl chloride.

Naming a molecule with an acid bromide attached to a cyclopentane ring.

Ethyl substituent attached to a cyclohexane ring with an acid bromide named as 3-ethyl cyclohexane carbonyl bromide.

Demonstration of the process of naming acid halides with various examples.

Emphasis on the priority of the acid halide group in the naming process.

Instruction on how to name acid halides attached to benzene and cyclohexane rings.

Highlighting the importance of alphabetical order in naming substituents.

Concluding the video with a summary of how to name acid halides.

Transcripts

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Related Tags
Acid HalidesOrganic ChemistryNaming CompoundsEthaneBromidePropaneChlorideBenzene RingCyclohexaneEducational VideoChemical Nomenclature