How Our Hormones Control Our Hunger, Eating & Satiety

Huberman Lab
19 Apr 202199:43
EducationalLearning
32 Likes 10 Comments

TLDRIn this episode of the Huberman Lab Podcast, Dr. Andrew Huberman delves into the intricate world of hormones and their role in regulating hunger, satiety, and metabolism. He discusses the impact of hormones like ghrelin and leptin, the influence of the hypothalamus and the insular cortex on feeding behaviors, and the effects of sunlight on appetite suppression through the stimulation of Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH). Dr. Huberman also explores the role of various nutrients, including omega-3 fatty acids, Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), and specific amino acids like glutamine in controlling appetite. He warns against the consumption of highly processed foods, which can disrupt gut health and hormonal balance, leading to overeating and weight gain. The podcast provides actionable insights into how dietary choices, lifestyle behaviors, and even certain supplements like berberine can be leveraged to maintain healthy glucose levels and promote overall well-being.

Takeaways
  • πŸ§ͺ Hormones play a crucial role in regulating feeding behavior, hunger, and satiety, with the hypothalamus being a key brain region involved in these processes.
  • 🧬 InsideTracker is a personalized nutrition platform that analyzes blood and DNA data to provide insights into health and help individuals reach their health goals.
  • πŸ’‰ The arcuate nucleus in the brain contains neurons that release chemicals acting as accelerators or brakes on feeding and appetite, which can be influenced by behaviors.
  • β˜€οΈ Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) is activated by ultraviolet light exposure to the eyes and can help regulate appetite by binding to its receptors in the brain.
  • 🍲 The order in which macronutrients are consumed during a meal can impact blood glucose levels, with fiber intake first potentially blunting the glucose response to subsequent carbohydrates.
  • πŸƒ Exercise, particularly high-intensity interval training or resistance training, can improve blood sugar regulation and increase insulin sensitivity.
  • 🚫 Highly processed foods containing emulsifiers can disrupt the gut's mucosal lining, impairing the release of satiety signals and leading to increased food intake.
  • 🍽 Eating a varied diet that includes whole foods, omega-3 fatty acids, and adequate amino acids like glutamine can help regulate appetite and prevent overeating.
  • πŸ’Š Metformin and berberine are substances that can lower blood glucose levels, with berberine also having potential benefits for cholesterol levels and canker sores.
  • β˜• Caffeine and yerba mate can have an impact on blood glucose levels, with yerba mate potentially aiding in extending fasting windows due to its effects on GLP1 and leptin levels.
  • πŸ“ˆ The importance of maintaining healthy blood glucose levels cannot be overstated, as unregulated glucose can lead to serious health complications like diabetes and neuropathy.
Q & A
  • What is the primary goal of the Huberman Lab Podcast?

    -The primary goal of the Huberman Lab Podcast is to discuss science and science-based tools for everyday life, with a focus on bringing zero-cost, consumer-friendly information about science to the general public.

  • How does InsideTracker help individuals understand their health better?

    -InsideTracker is a personalized nutrition platform that analyzes data from your blood and DNA, providing insights into your body's functioning. It offers a dashboard that helps users understand their hormone levels, metabolic factors, and suggests actions to achieve their health goals.

  • What are the benefits of Athletic Greens for overall health?

    -Athletic Greens is an all-in-one vitamin, mineral, and probiotic drink that covers essential nutritional bases. It supports the gut microbiome and gut-brain axis, which are important for metabolism and endocrine health. It also tastes good and is easy to mix with water.

  • How do Munk Pack keto-friendly snacks contribute to a healthy diet?

    -Munk Pack offers keto-friendly snacks that are low in sugar and free from unhealthy additives like soy, trans fat, and artificial colors. They are a good source of energy and satisfy cravings without disrupting ketosis, making them suitable for those following a low-carb or ketogenic diet.

  • What is the role of the hypothalamus in regulating hunger and feeding behaviors?

    -The hypothalamus, particularly the ventromedial hypothalamus, plays a crucial role in controlling hunger and feeding behaviors. It contains neurons that can either promote or inhibit feeding, acting as an accelerator or brake on eating behaviors.

  • How does the insular cortex influence our desire to eat?

    -The insular cortex processes sensory information from the mouth, influencing our enjoyment of food, the desire to continue eating, or to avoid certain foods. It is linked to the tactile and sensory aspects of eating, such as the texture and consistency of food.

  • What is the significance of the parabiosis experiment in understanding hunger and appetite?

    -The parabiosis experiment, where two rats were physically linked to share blood supply, revealed that blood-borne hormones or endocrine signals are involved in regulating the desire to eat, indicating a complex interaction between the nervous system and the endocrine system in controlling hunger and appetite.

  • How does sunlight exposure affect the regulation of appetite?

    -Sunlight exposure, particularly ultraviolet light to the eyes, stimulates the release of Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) from the medial pituitary. MSH can reduce appetite, suggesting that getting enough light throughout the day can help keep appetite in check.

  • What is the role of ghrelin in the regulation of hunger and meal timing?

    -Ghrelin, released from the GI tract, acts as a hormonal clock that increases the desire to eat at particular times. It is secreted when glucose levels drop and stimulates neurons in the brain to create food anticipatory signals, preparing the body for meal times.

  • How can the consumption of certain nutrients like omega-3 fatty acids and specific amino acids influence appetite?

    -Consuming certain nutrients like omega-3 fatty acids, Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), and specific amino acids like glutamine can stimulate the release of Cholecystokinin (CCK) from the GI tract. CCK helps to reduce appetite and creates a feeling of fullness, preventing overeating.

  • What are the potential side effects of using MSH as a diet drug?

    -While MSH can reduce appetite and is used by some subcultures as a diet drug, side effects can include excessive tanning due to its role in pigmentation, increased libido to the point of distraction, and potentially priapism in males, which is a painful and damaging chronic erection.

Outlines
00:00
πŸŽ“ Introduction to the Huberman Lab Podcast

Andrew Huberman, a professor of Neurobiology and Ophthalmology at Stanford School of Medicine, introduces the Huberman Lab Podcast. The podcast aims to provide science-based tools for everyday life, separate from his academic roles. He expresses gratitude to the sponsors, InsideTracker and Athletic Greens, and discusses their offerings related to personalized nutrition and health supplements.

05:00
πŸ“Š InsideTracker's Personalized Nutrition Platform

InsideTracker is highlighted as a sponsor offering a nutrition platform that analyzes blood and DNA data. Huberman discusses the importance of blood work for understanding health metrics and how InsideTracker simplifies the process of getting blood and DNA tests, providing a dashboard to understand health data and actionable insights.

10:02
πŸƒβ€β™‚οΈ Athletic Greens for Comprehensive Nutrition

Athletic Greens is introduced as an all-in-one nutritional supplement that Huberman has personally used since 2012. It covers nutritional bases with vitamins, minerals, and probiotics, supporting gut microbiome and overall health. The podcast offers a special deal for listeners to try Athletic Greens, including a year's supply of vitamin D3K2 and free travel packs.

15:03
🍫 Munk Pack Keto-Friendly Snacks

Munk Pack, another sponsor, provides keto-friendly snacks that are low in sugar but high in taste. Huberman shares his personal experience with Munk Pack bars, which align with his dietary approach of low-carbohydrate during the day and higher carbohydrate intake at night. Listeners are encouraged to try Munk Pack with a discount code.

20:04
🧠 Hormones and Their Impact on Hunger and Satiety

The episode's focus shifts to hormones, particularly their role in regulating feeding behavior, hunger, and satiety. Huberman discusses the ventromedial hypothalamus and the insular cortex's roles in controlling eating habits and the sensory experience of food. He also touches on the interplay between hormones and the nervous system in regulating hunger.

25:04
🌞 The Role of Light in Regulating Appetite

Huberman explains how exposure to light, particularly ultraviolet light, can influence appetite through the release of Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH). He emphasizes the importance of getting adequate light exposure for appetite regulation and overall health, suggesting that this can be a natural and effective tool for managing appetite.

30:05
🚫 Concerns with Blue Light Blockers

The potential downsides of using blue light blockers, especially during the day, are discussed. Huberman explains that they can prevent the release of MSH, which is triggered by UV light and helps control appetite. He advises against their use in daylight hours to ensure proper appetite regulation.

35:07
πŸ’‰ Underground Use of MSH and Its Effects

Huberman warns against the underground use of MSH injections for appetite suppression and other effects, highlighting the potential for side effects such as excessive tanning, increased libido, and priapism. He stresses the importance of using sunlight and potentially artificial UV light as a natural regulator of MSH levels.

40:09
πŸ•° Ghrelin: The Hormone of Hunger

Ghrelin, a hormone released by the GI tract, is described as a hormonal clock that increases the desire to eat at specific times. Its secretion is linked to blood glucose levels, and it activates neurons that create food anticipatory signals, preparing the body for meal times and increasing appetite.

45:11
🍲 The Impact of Meal Timing on Ghrelin Secretion

Huberman discusses the impact of regular meal timing on ghrelin secretion and how it can be manipulated. He suggests that by gradually shifting meal times or adopting an intermittent fasting schedule, one can adjust ghrelin release and appetite regulation, providing flexibility and potentially improving health.

50:13
πŸ‹οΈβ€β™‚οΈ Exercise and Blood Sugar Management

The role of exercise in managing blood sugar levels is explored. Huberman explains that both moderate and high-intensity exercise can positively influence glucose metabolism, with high-intensity workouts and resistance training encouraging the repackaging of glycogen and increasing basal metabolic rate.

55:14
🍰 The Dangers of Highly Processed Foods

The negative effects of highly processed foods on gut health and appetite regulation are detailed. Huberman explains how emulsifiers in these foods can damage the gut lining, disrupt hormonal signals, and lead to overeating. He contrasts this with whole foods, which support better health and satiety.

00:15
βš–οΈ LDL and HDL Cholesterol Ratios

The importance of maintaining a proper balance between LDL and HDL cholesterol is discussed. Huberman explains the role of these lipoproteins in transporting fats and cholesterol to various tissues, including the liver, ovaries, testes, and adrenals, and how this balance impacts hormone production.

05:17
πŸ’Š Supplements and Drugs Affecting Blood Glucose

Huberman reviews supplements and drugs, such as Metformin and berberine, that can regulate hormone systems and control feeding and satiety. He highlights their mechanisms of action, potential benefits, and cautions about their use, emphasizing the need for care and medical supervision.

10:18
🍡 Yerba Mate forθ‘€η³– Regulation

Yerba Mate is presented as a beneficial beverage for blood sugar regulation due to its ability to increase GLP1, an appetite suppressant, and support electrolyte balance. Huberman shares his personal experience with Mate and its effects on extending fasting windows and providing alertness.

15:18
πŸ§˜β€β™‚οΈ Final Thoughts on Hormonal Regulation of Appetite

In conclusion, Huberman summarizes the podcast's exploration of hormones like ghrelin, MSH, and CCK, and their impact on appetite and satiety. He reiterates the importance of understanding these mechanisms for health and provides actionable tools for listeners to manage their blood sugar and appetite effectively.

Mindmap
Keywords
πŸ’‘Hormones
Hormones are chemical messengers produced by the body that regulate various physiological processes, including appetite and metabolism. In the context of the video, hormones such as ghrelin, insulin, and leptin play a critical role in controlling hunger and satiety. The video discusses how these hormones interact with the body to influence eating behavior and how understanding their function can help manage appetite and weight.
πŸ’‘Ghrelin
Ghrelin is a hormone that stimulates appetite, often referred to as the 'hunger hormone.' The video explains that ghrelin secretion is influenced by glucose levels in the blood and can be regulated by the timing of meals. It is mentioned as a key factor in the body's food anticipatory signals, preparing the individual to eat at regular times.
πŸ’‘Insulin
Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that regulates blood sugar levels by allowing glucose to enter cells to be used for energy. The video discusses insulin's role in managing glucose and its impact on blood sugar stability. It also touches on insulin's relationship with diabetes and the importance of maintaining healthy glucose levels for overall health.
πŸ’‘Leptin
Leptin is a hormone that signals satiety or fullness to the brain, helping to reduce appetite. While not extensively covered in the video, it is mentioned in the context of body fat signaling to the brain about energy reserves. The video suggests that leptin has been considered for its potential as an obesity treatment, although its effectiveness in humans has limitations.
πŸ’‘CCK (Cholecystokinin)
CCK is a hormone and neurotransmitter that plays a role in reducing appetite after eating. It is released by the gut in response to the presence of fats, amino acids, and some sugars. The video highlights that CCK can be triggered by omega-3 fatty acids, CLA, and certain amino acids, which can help prevent overeating and maintain healthy appetite levels.
πŸ’‘Metformin
Metformin is a prescription drug used to treat type 2 diabetes by lowering blood glucose levels. It is mentioned in the video as a tool that can potentially be misused if not approached with caution. The video discusses its mechanism of action through the AMPK pathway and its impact on insulin sensitivity.
πŸ’‘Berberine
Berberine is a natural compound found in certain plants and tree bark, available as a supplement. The video describes its effects as similar to Metformin, also acting on the AMPK pathway to lower blood glucose. It is highlighted for its strong impact on blood sugar levels but also noted for its potential side effects, such as headaches and hypoglycemia.
πŸ’‘Highly Processed Foods
Highly processed foods are a focus of the video as they are linked to negative health outcomes, including weight gain and disruption of gut health. The video explains that these foods often contain emulsifiers that can damage the gut lining and interfere with the release of satiety signals like CCK, leading to increased food intake.
πŸ’‘Ketogenic Diet
The ketogenic diet is a low-carb, high-fat diet that has been shown to decrease blood glucose levels. The video briefly mentions this diet in the context of its impact on blood sugar and metabolism. It is noted for its potential benefits for managing glucose and hormonal balance, with a promise of a future, more in-depth discussion.
πŸ’‘GLP-1 (Glucagon-like Peptide 1)
GLP-1 is a peptide hormone that works as an appetite suppressant and is increased by the consumption of Mate, a type of tea highlighted in the video. It is discussed for its role in regulating blood sugar and its potential benefits for individuals looking to manage their appetite and glucose levels.
πŸ’‘AMPK Pathway
AMPK, or Adenosine Monophosphate-activated protein kinase, is a cellular energy sensor that plays a role in the body's response to low energy levels. The video discusses how both Metformin and Berberine activate the AMPK pathway, which is associated with fasting and low blood glucose, contributing to their effects on blood sugar regulation.
Highlights

Andrew Huberman discusses the role of hormones in controlling feeding and hunger, emphasizing the interplay between hormones and the nervous system.

InsideTracker, a personalized nutrition platform, is introduced as a tool to analyze blood and DNA for better health understanding.

Athletic Greens is highlighted as an all-in-one vitamin, mineral, and probiotic drink that supports nutritional foundations and gut health.

Munk Pack keto-friendly snacks are praised for their taste and nutritional value, with less than one gram of sugar, making them ideal for low-carb diets.

The hypothalamus, particularly the ventromedial hypothalamus, is discussed as a key brain area influencing hunger and feeding behaviors.

The insular cortex's role in processing sensory information from the mouth, affecting food enjoyment and satiety, is explained.

The significance of the parabiosis experiment in understanding blood-borne factors that influence appetite is covered.

The arcuate nucleus and its neurons, which release hormones to regulate feeding and appetite, are introduced as key players in appetite control.

The role of Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) in reducing appetite and its activation by ultraviolet light is discussed.

The hormone ghrelin is described as a hunger signal that increases the desire to eat and is influenced by glucose levels and circadian rhythms.

CCK (Cholecystokinin) is presented as a hormone that reduces hunger levels when stimulated by certain nutrients like omega-3 fatty acids and specific amino acids.

The negative impact of highly processed foods on gut health and the disruption of satiety signals is explored.

The importance of insulin in managing glucose levels and the distinction between type I and type II diabetes is explained.

Strategies for managing blood glucose levels through diet, exercise, and the order of macronutrient consumption are discussed.

The use of supplements and prescription drugs like Metformin and berberine for regulating blood glucose is explored, with caution advised for non-diabetics.

The impact of caffeine, particularly from Mate (Yerba Mate), on increasing GLP1 levels, which aids in appetite suppression and glucose management, is highlighted.

The historical perspective on diabetes, from ancient recognition by analyzing urine sweetness to modern blood glucose measurement, is reviewed.

Transcripts
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